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Excitatory TMS Boosts Memory Representations

Wei-Chun Wang, Erik A. Wing, David L.K. Murphy, Bruce M. Luber, Sarah H. Lisanby, View ORCID ProfileRoberto Cabeza, View ORCID ProfileSimon W. Davis
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279547
Wei-Chun Wang
1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Erik A. Wing
1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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David L.K. Murphy
1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Bruce M. Luber
3Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
5National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Sarah H. Lisanby
3Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
4Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
5National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Roberto Cabeza
1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
4Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Simon W. Davis
1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
2Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Abstract

Brain stimulation technologies have seen increasing application in basic science investigations, specifically towards the goal of improving memory functioning. However, proposals concerning the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive enhancement often rely on simplified notions of excitation and, most applications examining the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on functional neuroimaging measures have been limited to univariate analyses of brain activity. We present here analyses using representational similarity analysis (RSA) and encoding-retrieval similarity (ERS) analysis in order to quantify the effect of TMS on memory representations. To test whether an increase in local excitability in PFC can have measurable influences on upstream representations in earlier temporal memory regions, we compared 1Hz and 5Hz stimulation to the left dorsolateral PFC. We found that 10 minutes of 5Hz rTMS, relative to 1Hz, had multiple effects on neural representations: 1) greater RSA during both encoding and retrieval, 2) greater ERS across all items, and, critically, 3) increasing ERS in MTL with increasing univariate activity in DLPFC, and greater functional connectivity for hits than misses between these regions. These results provide the first evidence of rTMS enhancing semantic representations and strengthen the idea that rTMS may affect the reinstatement of previously experienced events in upstream regions.

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Posted March 10, 2018.
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Excitatory TMS Boosts Memory Representations
Wei-Chun Wang, Erik A. Wing, David L.K. Murphy, Bruce M. Luber, Sarah H. Lisanby, Roberto Cabeza, Simon W. Davis
bioRxiv 279547; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279547
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Excitatory TMS Boosts Memory Representations
Wei-Chun Wang, Erik A. Wing, David L.K. Murphy, Bruce M. Luber, Sarah H. Lisanby, Roberto Cabeza, Simon W. Davis
bioRxiv 279547; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279547

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