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Yield potential definition of the chilling requirement reveals likely underestimation of the risk of climate change on winter chill accumulation

José Antonio Campoy, Rebecca Darbyshire, Elisabeth Dirlewanger, José Quero-García, Bénédicte Wenden
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/285361
José Antonio Campoy
1INRA, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
2Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany
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Rebecca Darbyshire
3New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, Australia
4Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Elisabeth Dirlewanger
1INRA, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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José Quero-García
1INRA, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Bénédicte Wenden
1INRA, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Abstract

Evaluation of chilling requirements of cultivars of temperate fruit trees provides key information to assess regional suitability, according to winter chill, for both industry expansion and ongoing profitability as climate change progresses. Traditional methods for calculating chilling requirements use climate controlled chambers and define chilling requirements using a fixed bud burst percentage, usually close to 50% (CR-50%). However, this CR-50% definition may estimate chilling requirements that lead to flowering percentages that are lower than required for orchards to be commercially viable. We used sweet cherry to analyse the traditional method for calculating chilling requirements (CR-50%) and compared the results with a more restrictive method, where the chilling requirement was defined by a 90% bud break level (CRm-90%). For sweet cherry, this higher requirement of flowering success (90% as opposed to 50%) better represents grower production needs as a greater number of flowers lead to greater potential yield. To investigate the future risk of insufficient chill based on alternate calculations of the chilling requirement, climate projections of winter chill suitability across Europe were calculated using CR-50% and CRm-90%. Regional suitability across the landscape was highly dependent on the method used to define chilling requirements and differences were found for both cold and mild winter areas. Our results suggest that bud break percentage levels used in the assessment of chilling requirements for sweet cherry influence production risks of current and future production areas. The use of traditional methods to determine chilling requirements can result in an underestimation of productivity chilling requirements for tree crops like sweet cherry which rely on a high conversion of flowers to mature fruit to obtain profitable yields. This underestimation may have negative consequences for the fruit industry as climate change advances with climate risk underestimated.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 12, 2018.
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Yield potential definition of the chilling requirement reveals likely underestimation of the risk of climate change on winter chill accumulation
José Antonio Campoy, Rebecca Darbyshire, Elisabeth Dirlewanger, José Quero-García, Bénédicte Wenden
bioRxiv 285361; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/285361
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Yield potential definition of the chilling requirement reveals likely underestimation of the risk of climate change on winter chill accumulation
José Antonio Campoy, Rebecca Darbyshire, Elisabeth Dirlewanger, José Quero-García, Bénédicte Wenden
bioRxiv 285361; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/285361

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