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Retracing the Hawaiian silversword radiation despite phylogenetic, biogeographic, and paleogeographic uncertainty

View ORCID ProfileMichael J. Landis, William A. Freyman, Bruce. G. Baldwin
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/301887
Michael J. Landis
1Department of Ecology & Evolution, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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  • For correspondence: michael.landis@yale.edu
William A. Freyman
2Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
3Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
4Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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Bruce. G. Baldwin
3Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
4Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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Abstract

The Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae) is an iconic adaptive radiation of 33 species. However, like many island plant lineages, no fossils have been assigned to the clade. As a result, the clade’s age and diversification rate are not known precisely, making it difficult to test biogeographic hypotheses about the radiation. In lieu of fossils, paleo-geographically structured biogeographic processes may inform species divergence times; for example, an island must first exist for a clade to radiate upon it. We date the silversword clade and test biogeographic hypotheses about its radiation across the Hawaiian Archipelago by modeling interactions between species relationships, molecular evolution, biogeographic scenarios, divergence times, and island origination times using the Bayesian phylogenetic framework, RevBayes. The ancestor of living silverswords most likely colonized the modern Hawaiian Islands once from the mainland approximately 5.1 Ma, with early surviving silversword lineages first appearing approximately 3.5 Ma. In testing the progression rule of island biogeography, we found strong positive evidence of the dispersal process preferring old-to-young directionality, but strong negative evidence for speciation occurring on islands during their young growth phase. This work serves as a general example for how diversification studies benefit from incorporating biogeographic and paleogeographic components.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 17, 2018.
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Retracing the Hawaiian silversword radiation despite phylogenetic, biogeographic, and paleogeographic uncertainty
Michael J. Landis, William A. Freyman, Bruce. G. Baldwin
bioRxiv 301887; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/301887
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Retracing the Hawaiian silversword radiation despite phylogenetic, biogeographic, and paleogeographic uncertainty
Michael J. Landis, William A. Freyman, Bruce. G. Baldwin
bioRxiv 301887; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/301887

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