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Spatiotemporally controlled Myosin relocalization and internal pressure cause biased cortical extension to generate sibling cell size asymmetry

Tri Thanh Pham, Arnaud Monnard, Jonne Helenius, Erik Lund, Nicole Lee, Daniel J. Müller, View ORCID ProfileClemens Cabernard
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/311852
Tri Thanh Pham
1Department of Biology, University of Washington 24 Kincaid Hall Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Arnaud Monnard
1Department of Biology, University of Washington 24 Kincaid Hall Seattle, WA 98195, USA
2Biozentrum, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50-70 CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Jonne Helenius
3Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Erik Lund
1Department of Biology, University of Washington 24 Kincaid Hall Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Nicole Lee
1Department of Biology, University of Washington 24 Kincaid Hall Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Daniel J. Müller
3Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Clemens Cabernard
1Department of Biology, University of Washington 24 Kincaid Hall Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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  • ORCID record for Clemens Cabernard
  • For correspondence: ccabern@uw.edu
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Abstract

Metazoan cells can generate unequal sized sibling cells during cell division. This form of asymmetric cell division depends on spindle geometry and Myosin distribution but the underlying mechanics are unclear. Here, we use atomic force microscopy and live cell imaging to elucidate the biophysical forces involved in the establishment of physical asymmetry in Drosophila neural stem cells. We show that the force driving initial apical membrane expansion is provided by hydrostatic pressure, peaking shortly after anaphase onset, and enabled by a relieve of actomyosin contractile tension on the apical cell cortex. The subsequent increase in contractile forces at the cleavage furrow, combined with the relocalization of basally located Myosin results in basal membrane extension and sustained apical expansion. We propose that spatiotemporally controlled actomyosin contractile tension and hydrostatic pressure enables stereotypic biased membrane expansion to generate sibling cell size asymmetry.

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Posted May 01, 2018.
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Spatiotemporally controlled Myosin relocalization and internal pressure cause biased cortical extension to generate sibling cell size asymmetry
Tri Thanh Pham, Arnaud Monnard, Jonne Helenius, Erik Lund, Nicole Lee, Daniel J. Müller, Clemens Cabernard
bioRxiv 311852; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/311852
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Spatiotemporally controlled Myosin relocalization and internal pressure cause biased cortical extension to generate sibling cell size asymmetry
Tri Thanh Pham, Arnaud Monnard, Jonne Helenius, Erik Lund, Nicole Lee, Daniel J. Müller, Clemens Cabernard
bioRxiv 311852; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/311852

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