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Background selection and the statistics of population differentiation: consequences for detecting local adaptation

Remi Matthey-Doret, Michael C. Whitlock
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/326256
Remi Matthey-Doret
Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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  • For correspondence: matthey@zoology.ubc.ca
Michael C. Whitlock
Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Abstract

Background selection is a process whereby recurrent deleterious mutations cause a decrease in the effective population size and genetic diversity at linked loci. Several authors have suggested that variation in the intensity of background selection could cause variation in FST across the genome, which could confound signals of local adaptation in genome scans. We performed realistic simulations of DNA sequences, using parameter estimates from humans and sticklebacks, to investigate how variation in the intensity of background selection affects different statistics of population differentiation. We show that, in populations connected by gene flow, Weir & Cockerham’s (1984) estimator of FST is largely insensitive to locus-to-locus variation in the intensity of background selection. Unlike FST, however, dXY is negatively correlated with background selection. We also show that background selection does not greatly affect the false positive rate in FST outlier studies. Overall, our study indicates that background selection will not greatly interfere with finding the variants responsible for local adaptation.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 24, 2018.
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Background selection and the statistics of population differentiation: consequences for detecting local adaptation
Remi Matthey-Doret, Michael C. Whitlock
bioRxiv 326256; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/326256
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Background selection and the statistics of population differentiation: consequences for detecting local adaptation
Remi Matthey-Doret, Michael C. Whitlock
bioRxiv 326256; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/326256

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