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Polygenic adaptation fuels genetic redundancy in Drosophila

View ORCID ProfileNeda Barghi, View ORCID ProfileRaymond Tobler, View ORCID ProfileViola Nolte, Ana Marija Jaksic, Francois Mallard, View ORCID ProfileKathrin Anna Otte, Marlies Dolezal, Thomas Taus, View ORCID ProfileRobert Kofler, View ORCID ProfileChristian Schlöetterer
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/332122
Neda Barghi
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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  • ORCID record for Neda Barghi
Raymond Tobler
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
2Vienna Graduate School of Population Genetics, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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  • For correspondence: christian.schloetterer@vetmeduni.ac.at
Viola Nolte
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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  • ORCID record for Viola Nolte
Ana Marija Jaksic
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
2Vienna Graduate School of Population Genetics, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Francois Mallard
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Kathrin Anna Otte
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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  • ORCID record for Kathrin Anna Otte
Marlies Dolezal
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
3Plattform Bioinformatik und Biostatistik, Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Thomas Taus
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
2Vienna Graduate School of Population Genetics, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Robert Kofler
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Christian Schlöetterer
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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  • ORCID record for Christian Schlöetterer
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Abstract

The genetic architecture of adaptive traits is of key importance to predict evolutionary responses. Most adaptive traits are polygenic – i.e. result from selection on a large number of genetic loci – but most molecularly characterized traits have a simple genetic basis. This discrepancy is best explained by the difficulty in detecting small allele frequency changes across many contributing loci. To resolve this, we use laboratory natural selection, a framework that is powerful enough to detect signatures for selective sweeps and polygenic adaptation. We exposed 10 replicates of a Drosophila simulans population to a new temperature regime and uncovered a polygenic architecture of an adaptive trait with high genetic redundancy among adaptive alleles. We observed convergent phenotypic responses, e.g. fitness, metabolic rate and fat content, and a strong polygenic response (99 selected alleles; mean s=0.061). However, each of these selected alleles increased in frequency only in a subset of the evolving replicates. Our results show that natural D. simulans populations harbor a vast reservoir of adaptive variation facilitating rapid evolutionary responses. The observed genetic redundancy potentiates this genotypic variation through multiple genetic pathways leading to phenotypic convergence. This key property of adaptive alleles requires the modification of testing strategies in natural populations beyond the search for convergence on the molecular level.

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Posted May 28, 2018.
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Polygenic adaptation fuels genetic redundancy in Drosophila
Neda Barghi, Raymond Tobler, Viola Nolte, Ana Marija Jaksic, Francois Mallard, Kathrin Anna Otte, Marlies Dolezal, Thomas Taus, Robert Kofler, Christian Schlöetterer
bioRxiv 332122; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/332122
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Polygenic adaptation fuels genetic redundancy in Drosophila
Neda Barghi, Raymond Tobler, Viola Nolte, Ana Marija Jaksic, Francois Mallard, Kathrin Anna Otte, Marlies Dolezal, Thomas Taus, Robert Kofler, Christian Schlöetterer
bioRxiv 332122; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/332122

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