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The effects of psychiatric history and age on self-regulation of the default mode network

View ORCID ProfileStavros Skouras, View ORCID ProfileFrank Scharnowski
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/342220
Stavros Skouras
1Neuroimaging Unit, Barcelonabeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
2Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
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Frank Scharnowski
3Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, 8032, Switzerland
4Neuroscience Center Zürich, University of Zürich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
5Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
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Abstract

Real-time neurofeedback enables human subjects to learn to regulate their brain activity, effecting behavioral changes and improvements of psychiatric symptomatology. Neurofeedback up-regulation and down-regulation have been assumed to share common neural correlates. Neuropsychiatric pathology and aging incur suboptimal functioning of the default mode network. Despite the exponential increase in real-time neuroimaging studies, the effects of aging, pathology and the direction of regulation on neurofeedback performance remain largely unknown. Using open-access analyses and real-time fMRI data shared through the Rockland Sample Real-Time Neurofeedback project (N=136), we first modeled neurofeedback performance and learning in a group of subjects with psychiatric history (na=74) and a healthy control group (nb=62). Subsequently, we examined the relationship between up-regulation and down-regulation learning, the relationship between age and neurofeedback performance in each group and differences in neurofeedback performance between the two groups. Results show that in an initial session of default mode network neurofeedback with real-time fMRI, up-regulation and down-regulation learning scores are negatively correlated. Moreover, age correlates negatively with default mode network neurofeedback performance, only in absence of psychiatric history. Finally, adults with psychiatric history outperform healthy controls in default mode network up-regulation. Interestingly, the performance difference is related to no up-regulation learning in controls.

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Posted June 08, 2018.
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The effects of psychiatric history and age on self-regulation of the default mode network
Stavros Skouras, Frank Scharnowski
bioRxiv 342220; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/342220
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The effects of psychiatric history and age on self-regulation of the default mode network
Stavros Skouras, Frank Scharnowski
bioRxiv 342220; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/342220

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