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Protein-Coding Variants Implicate Novel Genes Related to Lipid Homeostasis Contributing to Body Fat Distribution

Anne E Justice, Tugce Karaderi, Heather M Highland, Kristin L Young, Mariaelisa Graff, Yingchang Lu, Valérie Turcot, Paul L Auer, Rebecca S Fine, Xiuqing Guo, Claudia Schurmann, Adelheid Lempradl, Eirini Marouli, Anubha Mahajan, Thomas W Winkler, Adam E Locke, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Tõnu Esko, Sailaja Vedantam, Ayush Giri, Ken Sin Lo, Tamuno Alfred, Poorva Mudgal, Maggie CY Ng, Nancy L Heard-Costa, Mary F Feitosa, Alisa K Manning, Sara M Willems, Suthesh Sivapalaratnam, Goncalo Abecasis, Dewan S Alam, Matthew Allison, Philippe Amouyel, Zorayr Arzumanyan, Beverley Balkau, Lisa Bastarache, Sven Bergmann, Lawrence F Bielak, Matthias Blüher, Michael Boehnke, Heiner Boeing, Eric Boerwinkle, Carsten A Boger, Jette Bork-Jensen, Erwin P Bottinger, Donald W Bowden, Ivan Brandslund, Linda Broer, Amber A Burt, Adam S Butterworth, Mark J Caulfield, Giancarlo Cesana, John C Chambers, Daniel I Chasman, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Rajiv Chowdhury, Cramer Christensen, Audrey Y Chu, Francis S Collins, James P Cook, Amanda J Cox, David S Crosslin, John Danesh, Paul IW de Bakker, Simon de Denus, Renee de Mutsert, George Dedoussis, Ellen W Demerath, Joe G Dennis, Josh C Denny, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Marcus Dorr, Fotios Drenos, Marie-Pierre Dube, Alison M Dunning, Douglas F Easton, Paul Elliott, Evangelos Evangelou, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Shuang Feng, Ele Ferrannini, Jean Ferrieres, Jose C Florez, Myriam Fornage, Caroline S Fox, Paul W Franks, Nele Friedrich, Wei Gan, Ilaria Gandin, Paolo Gasparini, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Giorgia Girotto, Mathias Gorski, Harald Grallert, Niels Grarup, Megan L Grove, Stefan Gustafsson, Jeff Haessler, Torben Hansen, Andrew T Hattersley, Caroline Hayward, Iris M Heid, Oddgeir L Holmen, G Kees Hovingh, Joanna MM Howson, Yao Hu, Yi-Jen Hung, Kristian Hveem, M Arfan Ikram, Erik Ingelsson, Anne U Jackson, Gail P Jarvik, Yucheng Jia, Torben Jørgensen, Pekka Jousilahti, Johanne M Justesen, Bratati Kahali, Maria Karaleftheri, Sharon LR Kardia, Fredrik Karpe, Frank Kee, Hidetoshi Kitajima, Pirjo Komulainen, Jaspal S Kooner, Peter Kovacs, Bernhard K Kramer, Kari Kuulasmaa, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Timo A Lakka, David Lamparter, Leslie A Lange, Claudia Langenberg, Eric B Larson, Nanette R Lee, Wen-Jane Lee, Terho Lehtimäki, Cora E Lewis, Huaixing Li, Jin Li, Ruifang Li-Gao, Li-An Lin, Xu Lin, Lars Lind, Jaana Lindström, Allan Linneberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Dajiang J Liu, Jian’an Luan, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Stuart MacGregor, Reedik Mägi, Satu Männistö, Gaëlle Marenne, Jonathan Marten, Nicholas GD Masca, Mark I McCarthy, Karina Meidtner, Evelin Mihailov, Leena Moilanen, Marie Moitry, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Anna Morgan, Andrew P Morris, Martina Muller-Nurasyid, Patricia B Munroe, Narisu Narisu, Christopher P Nelson, Matt Neville, Ioanna Ntalla, Jeffrey R O’Connel, Katharine R Owen, Oluf Pedersen, Gina M Peloso, Craig E Pennell, Markus Perola, James A Perry, John RB Perry, Tune H Pers, Ailith Pirie, Ozren Polasek, Olli T Raitakari, Asif Rasheed, Chelsea K Raulerson, Rainer Rauramaa, Dermot F Reilly, Alex P Reiner, Paul M Ridker, Manuel A Rivas, Neil R Robertson, Antonietta Robino, Igor Rudan, Katherine S Ruth, Danish Saleheen, Veikko Salomaa, Nilesh J Samani, Pamela J Schreiner, Matthias B Schulze, Robert A Scott, Marcelo P Segura-Lepe, Xueling Sim, Andrew J Slater, Kerrin S Small, Blair H Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Lorraine Southam, Timothy D Spector, Elizabeth K Speliotes, Kari Stefansson, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Kathleen E Stirrups, Konstantin Strauch, Heather M Stringham, Michael Stumvoll, Liang Sun, Praveen Surendran, Karin MA Swart, Jean-Claude Tardif, Kent D Taylor, Alexander Teumer, Deborah J Thompson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Betina H Thuesen, Anke Tönjes, Mina Torres, Emmanouil Tsafantakis, Jaakko Tuomilehto, André G Uitterlinden, Matti Uusitupa, Cornelia M van Duijn, Mauno Vanhala, Rohit Varma, Sita H Vermeulen, Henrik Vestergaard, Veronique Vitart, Thomas F Vogt, Dragana Ntalla, Lynne E Wagenknecht, Mark Walker, Lars Wallentin, Feijie Wang, Carol A Wang, Shuai Wang, Nicholas J Wareham, Helen R Warren, Dawn M Waterworth, Jennifer Wessel, Harvey D White, Cristen J Willer, James G Wilson, Andrew R Wood, Ying Wu, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Jie Yao, Laura M Yerges-Armstrong, Robin Young, Eleftheria Zeggini, Xiaowei Zhan, Weihua Zhang, Jing Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, He Zheng, Wei Zhou, M Carola Zillikens, GoT2D Genes Consortium CHD Exome+ Consortium, EPIC-CVD Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, InterAct, ReproGen Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, The MAGIC Investigators, Fernando Rivadeneira, Ingrid B Borecki, John A Pospisilik, Panos Deloukas, Timothy M Frayling, Guillaume Lettre, Karen L Mohlke, Jerome I Rotter, Zoltan Kutalik, Joel N Hirschhorn, L Adrienne Cupples, Ruth JF Loos, Kari E North, Cecilia M Lindgren
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/352674
Anne E Justice
1Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
2Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA 17822
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Tugce Karaderi
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
4Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
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Heather M Highland
1Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
5Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas School of Public Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Kristin L Young
1Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
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Mariaelisa Graff
1Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
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Yingchang Lu
6Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-lngram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
7The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
8The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA
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Valérie Turcot
9Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, HIT 1C8, Canada
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Paul L Auer
10Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wl, 53201, USA
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Rebecca S Fine
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
12Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
13Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Xiuqing Guo
14Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
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Claudia Schurmann
7The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
8The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA
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Adelheid Lempradl
15Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, 79108, Germany
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Eirini Marouli
16William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Anubha Mahajan
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
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Thomas W Winkler
17Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany
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Adam E Locke
18Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
19McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA
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Carolina Medina-Gomez
20Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
21Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
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Tõnu Esko
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
13Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
22Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
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Sailaja Vedantam
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
12Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
13Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Ayush Giri
23Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
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Ken Sin Lo
9Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, HIT 1C8, Canada
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Tamuno Alfred
7The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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Poorva Mudgal
24Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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Maggie CY Ng
24Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
25Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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Nancy L Heard-Costa
26Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
27NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
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Mary F Feitosa
28Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St.Louis, MO, 63108, USA
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Alisa K Manning
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
29Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
30Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Sara M Willems
31MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Suthesh Sivapalaratnam
30Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
32Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
33Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OPT, UK
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Goncalo Abecasis
18Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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Dewan S Alam
34School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto
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Matthew Allison
35Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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Philippe Amouyel
36INSERM U1167, Lille, F-59019, France
37Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, F-59019, France
38Universite de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, Lille, F-59019, France
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Zorayr Arzumanyan
14Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
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Beverley Balkau
39INSERM U1018, Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
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Lisa Bastarache
40Department of Biomedical Informaties, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
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Sven Bergmann
41Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
42Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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Lawrence F Bielak
43Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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Matthias Blüher
44IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
45University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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Michael Boehnke
18Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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Heiner Boeing
46Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DlfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
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Eric Boerwinkle
47School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
48Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
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Carsten A Boger
49Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany
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Jette Bork-Jensen
50The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
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Erwin P Bottinger
7The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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Donald W Bowden
24Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
25Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
51Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Ivan Brandslund
52Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark
53Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5000, Denmark
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Linda Broer
21Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
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Amber A Burt
54Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Adam S Butterworth
55MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
56NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
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Mark J Caulfield
16William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
57NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Giancarlo Cesana
58Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
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John C Chambers
59Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
60Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
61Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 IPG, UK
62Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 OHS, UK
63MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 IPG, UK
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Daniel I Chasman
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
64Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
65Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
66Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Yii-Der Ida Chen
14Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
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Rajiv Chowdhury
55MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Cramer Christensen
67Medical department, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark
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Audrey Y Chu
27NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
65Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Francis S Collins
68Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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James P Cook
69Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
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Amanda J Cox
24Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
25Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
70Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
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David S Crosslin
71Department of Biomedical Infomatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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John Danesh
55MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
56NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
72Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 ISA, UK
73British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Paul IW de Bakker
74Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
75Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
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Simon de Denus
9Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, HIT 1C8, Canada
76Faculty of Pharmacy, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
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Renee de Mutsert
77Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
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George Dedoussis
78Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece
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Ellen W Demerath
79Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
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Joe G Dennis
80Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Josh C Denny
40Department of Biomedical Informaties, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
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Emanuele Di Angelantonio
55MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
56NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
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Marcus Dorr
81Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
82DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
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Fotios Drenos
83Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
84MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
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Marie-Pierre Dube
9Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, HIT 1C8, Canada
85Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
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Alison M Dunning
86Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Douglas F Easton
80Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
86Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Paul Elliott
87Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 IPG, UK
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Evangelos Evangelou
61Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 IPG, UK
88Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of loannina Medical School, loannina, 45110, Greece
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Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
78Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece
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Shuang Feng
18Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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Ele Ferrannini
89CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
90Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
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Jean Ferrieres
91Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, TSA 50032 31059, France
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Jose C Florez
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
29Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
30Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Myriam Fornage
92Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Caroline S Fox
27NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
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Paul W Franks
93Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmo, SE-20502, Sweden
94Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
95Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeâ University, Umeâ, 901 87, Sweden
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Nele Friedrich
96Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
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Wei Gan
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
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Ilaria Gandin
97Ilaria Gandin, Research Unit, AREA Science Park, Trieste, 34149, Italy
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Paolo Gasparini
98Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy
99Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ״Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
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Vilmantas Giedraitis
100Geriatrics, Department of Public Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
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Giorgia Girotto
98Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy
99Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ״Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
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Mathias Gorski
17Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany
49Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany
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Harald Grallert
101German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
102Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
103Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
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Niels Grarup
50The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
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Megan L Grove
47School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Stefan Gustafsson
104Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 41, Sweden
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Jeff Haessler
105Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, USA
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Torben Hansen
50The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
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Andrew T Hattersley
106University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
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Caroline Hayward
107MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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Iris M Heid
17Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany
108Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
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Oddgeir L Holmen
109K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7600, Norway
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G Kees Hovingh
110AMC, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
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Joanna MM Howson
55MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Yao Hu
111Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Yi-Jen Hung
112Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 114, Taiwan
113School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114, Taiwan
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Kristian Hveem
109K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7600, Norway
114HUNT Research center, Department of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway
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M Arfan Ikram
20Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
115Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
116Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
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Erik Ingelsson
104Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 41, Sweden
117Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 943 05, USA
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Anne U Jackson
18Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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Gail P Jarvik
54Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
118Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Yucheng Jia
14Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
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Torben Jørgensen
119Faculty of medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DK-9000, Denmark
120Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
121Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark
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Pekka Jousilahti
122National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
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Johanne M Justesen
50The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
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Bratati Kahali
123Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
124Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
125Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
126Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Maria Karaleftheri
127Echinos Medical Centre, Echinos, Greece
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Sharon LR Kardia
43Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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Fredrik Karpe
128Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
129Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
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Frank Kee
130UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK, BT12 6BJ, UK
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Hidetoshi Kitajima
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
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Pirjo Komulainen
131Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
132Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, 70210, Finland
133Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Jaspal S Kooner
60Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
62Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 OHS, UK
63MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 IPG, UK
134National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 ONN, UK
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Peter Kovacs
44IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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Bernhard K Kramer
135University Medical Centre Mannheim, 5th Medical Department, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
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Kari Kuulasmaa
122National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
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Johanna Kuusisto
136Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
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Markku Laakso
136Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
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Timo A Lakka
131Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
132Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, 70210, Finland
133Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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David Lamparter
41Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
42Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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Leslie A Lange
137Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Claudia Langenberg
31MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Eric B Larson
54Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
138Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Seattle WA 98101
139Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98101
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Nanette R Lee
140Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines
141USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines
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Wen-Jane Lee
142Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 407, Taiwan
143Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Terho Lehtimäki
144Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33521, Finland
145Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland
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Cora E Lewis
146Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
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Huaixing Li
111Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Jin Li
147Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
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Ruifang Li-Gao
77Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
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Li-An Lin
92Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Xu Lin
111Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Lars Lind
148Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
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Jaana Lindström
122National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
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Allan Linneberg
121Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark
149Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
150Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
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Ching-Ti Liu
151Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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Dajiang J Liu
152Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Personalized Medicine, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
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Jian’an Luan
31MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
144Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33521, Finland
145Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland
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Stuart MacGregor
153QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
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Reedik Mägi
22Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
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Satu Männistö
122National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
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Gaëlle Marenne
72Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 ISA, UK
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Jonathan Marten
107MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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Nicholas GD Masca
154Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
155NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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Mark I McCarthy
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
128Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
129Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
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Karina Meidtner
101German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
156Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke (DlfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
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Evelin Mihailov
22Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
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Leena Moilanen
157Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
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Marie Moitry
158Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67085, France
159Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67081, France
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Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
77Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
160Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
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Anna Morgan
98Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy
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Andrew P Morris
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
69Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
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Martina Muller-Nurasyid
108Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
161Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munich, 81377, Germany
162DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
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Patricia B Munroe
16William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
57NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Narisu Narisu
68Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Christopher P Nelson
154Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
155NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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Matt Neville
128Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
129Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
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Ioanna Ntalla
16William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Jeffrey R O’Connel
163Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, US
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Katharine R Owen
128Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
129Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
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Oluf Pedersen
50The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
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Gina M Peloso
151Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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Craig E Pennell
164School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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Markus Perola
122National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
165University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM) and Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Helsinki, FI00014, Finland
166University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
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James A Perry
163Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, US
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John RB Perry
31MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Tune H Pers
50The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
167Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
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Ailith Pirie
86Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Ozren Polasek
168School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia
169Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
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Olli T Raitakari
170Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
171Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
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Asif Rasheed
172Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
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137Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Rainer Rauramaa
131Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
132Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, 70210, Finland
133Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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173Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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105Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, USA
174Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Paul M Ridker
65Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
66Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
175Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Manuel A Rivas
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
176Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford, 0X37 BN, UK
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Neil R Robertson
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
128Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
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Antonietta Robino
177Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ״Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy
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Igor Rudan
169Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
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Katherine S Ruth
178Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
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Danish Saleheen
172Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
179Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Veikko Salomaa
122National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
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Nilesh J Samani
154Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
155NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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Pamela J Schreiner
180Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
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Matthias B Schulze
101German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
156Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke (DlfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
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Robert A Scott
31MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Marcelo P Segura-Lepe
61Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 IPG, UK
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Xueling Sim
18Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
181Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
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182Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, US
183OmicSoft a QIAGEN Company, Cary, NC, 27513, US
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184Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, SEI 7EH, UK
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185Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
186Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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43Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
72Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 ISA, UK
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184Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, SEI 7EH, UK
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123Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
124Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
125Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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187deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
188Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
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187deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
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16William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
33Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OPT, UK
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108Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
189Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377, Germany
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18Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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44IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
45University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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190Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
191Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
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55MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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192VU University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam, 1007 MB, The Netherlands
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9Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, HIT 1C8, Canada
85Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
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193Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
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80Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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187deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
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187deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
188Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
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121Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark
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194Center for Pediatric Research, Department for Women’s and Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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195USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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196Anogia Medical Centre, Anogia, Greece
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122National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
197Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria
198Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
199Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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20Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
21Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
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200Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
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20Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
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201Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyvaskyla, 40620, Finland
202University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
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195USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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203Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
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50The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
204Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, 2800, Denmark
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107MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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205Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Cardiometabolic Disease, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
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99Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ״Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
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206Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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207Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK
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208Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 37, Sweden
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Feijie Wang
111Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China
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164School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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151Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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31MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Helen R Warren
16William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
57NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Dawn M Waterworth
209Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, US
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Jennifer Wessel
210Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Fairbanks School of Public Health & School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indiana, IN, 46202, USA
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Harvey D White
211Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Cristen J Willer
123Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
124Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
212Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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James G Wilson
213Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
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Andrew R Wood
178Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
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137Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Hanieh Yaghootkar
178Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
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Jie Yao
14Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
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Laura M Yerges-Armstrong
163Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, US
214GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, 19406, USA
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Robin Young
55MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
215University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Eleftheria Zeggini
72Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 ISA, UK
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Xiaowei Zhan
216Department of Clinical Sciences, Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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Weihua Zhang
60Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
61Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 IPG, UK
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Jing Hua Zhao
31MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Wei Zhao
179Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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He Zheng
111Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Wei Zhou
123Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
124Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml, 48109, USA
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M Carola Zillikens
20Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
21Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
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Fernando Rivadeneira
20Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
21Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
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Ingrid B Borecki
28Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St.Louis, MO, 63108, USA
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15Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, 79108, Germany
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Panos Deloukas
16William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
217Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER- HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Timothy M Frayling
178Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
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Guillaume Lettre
9Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, HIT 1C8, Canada
85Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
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137Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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14Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
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42Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
218Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland
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Joel N Hirschhorn
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
13Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
219Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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L Adrienne Cupples
27NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
151Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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Ruth JF Loos
7The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
8The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA
220The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA
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Kari E North
221Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
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  • For correspondence: celi@well.ox.ac.uk
Cecilia M Lindgren
3Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 0X3 7BN, UK
11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
222Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
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  • For correspondence: celi@well.ox.ac.uk
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ABSTRACT

Body fat distribution is a heritable risk factor for a range of adverse health consequences, including hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes. To identify protein-coding variants associated with body fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, we analyzed 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries for discovery and 132,177 independent European-ancestry individuals for validation. We identified 15 common (minor allele frequency, MAF≥5%) and 9 low frequency or rare (MAF<5%) coding variants that have not been reported previously. Pathway/gene set enrichment analyses of all associated variants highlight lipid particle, adiponectin level, abnormal white adipose tissue physiology, and bone development and morphology as processes affecting fat distribution and body shape. Furthermore, the cross-trait associations and the analyses of variant and gene function highlight a strong connection to lipids, cardiovascular traits, and type 2 diabetes. In functional follow-up analyses, specifically in Drosophila RNAi-knockdown crosses, we observed a significant increase in the total body triglyceride levels for two genes (DNAH10 and PLXND1). By examining variants often poorly tagged or entirely missed by genome-wide association studies, we implicate novel genes in fat distribution, stressing the importance of interrogating low-frequency and protein-coding variants.

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Protein-Coding Variants Implicate Novel Genes Related to Lipid Homeostasis Contributing to Body Fat Distribution
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Protein-Coding Variants Implicate Novel Genes Related to Lipid Homeostasis Contributing to Body Fat Distribution
Anne E Justice, Tugce Karaderi, Heather M Highland, Kristin L Young, Mariaelisa Graff, Yingchang Lu, Valérie Turcot, Paul L Auer, Rebecca S Fine, Xiuqing Guo, Claudia Schurmann, Adelheid Lempradl, Eirini Marouli, Anubha Mahajan, Thomas W Winkler, Adam E Locke, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Tõnu Esko, Sailaja Vedantam, Ayush Giri, Ken Sin Lo, Tamuno Alfred, Poorva Mudgal, Maggie CY Ng, Nancy L Heard-Costa, Mary F Feitosa, Alisa K Manning, Sara M Willems, Suthesh Sivapalaratnam, Goncalo Abecasis, Dewan S Alam, Matthew Allison, Philippe Amouyel, Zorayr Arzumanyan, Beverley Balkau, Lisa Bastarache, Sven Bergmann, Lawrence F Bielak, Matthias Blüher, Michael Boehnke, Heiner Boeing, Eric Boerwinkle, Carsten A Boger, Jette Bork-Jensen, Erwin P Bottinger, Donald W Bowden, Ivan Brandslund, Linda Broer, Amber A Burt, Adam S Butterworth, Mark J Caulfield, Giancarlo Cesana, John C Chambers, Daniel I Chasman, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Rajiv Chowdhury, Cramer Christensen, Audrey Y Chu, Francis S Collins, James P Cook, Amanda J Cox, David S Crosslin, John Danesh, Paul IW de Bakker, Simon de Denus, Renee de Mutsert, George Dedoussis, Ellen W Demerath, Joe G Dennis, Josh C Denny, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Marcus Dorr, Fotios Drenos, Marie-Pierre Dube, Alison M Dunning, Douglas F Easton, Paul Elliott, Evangelos Evangelou, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Shuang Feng, Ele Ferrannini, Jean Ferrieres, Jose C Florez, Myriam Fornage, Caroline S Fox, Paul W Franks, Nele Friedrich, Wei Gan, Ilaria Gandin, Paolo Gasparini, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Giorgia Girotto, Mathias Gorski, Harald Grallert, Niels Grarup, Megan L Grove, Stefan Gustafsson, Jeff Haessler, Torben Hansen, Andrew T Hattersley, Caroline Hayward, Iris M Heid, Oddgeir L Holmen, G Kees Hovingh, Joanna MM Howson, Yao Hu, Yi-Jen Hung, Kristian Hveem, M Arfan Ikram, Erik Ingelsson, Anne U Jackson, Gail P Jarvik, Yucheng Jia, Torben Jørgensen, Pekka Jousilahti, Johanne M Justesen, Bratati Kahali, Maria Karaleftheri, Sharon LR Kardia, Fredrik Karpe, Frank Kee, Hidetoshi Kitajima, Pirjo Komulainen, Jaspal S Kooner, Peter Kovacs, Bernhard K Kramer, Kari Kuulasmaa, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Timo A Lakka, David Lamparter, Leslie A Lange, Claudia Langenberg, Eric B Larson, Nanette R Lee, Wen-Jane Lee, Terho Lehtimäki, Cora E Lewis, Huaixing Li, Jin Li, Ruifang Li-Gao, Li-An Lin, Xu Lin, Lars Lind, Jaana Lindström, Allan Linneberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Dajiang J Liu, Jian’an Luan, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Stuart MacGregor, Reedik Mägi, Satu Männistö, Gaëlle Marenne, Jonathan Marten, Nicholas GD Masca, Mark I McCarthy, Karina Meidtner, Evelin Mihailov, Leena Moilanen, Marie Moitry, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Anna Morgan, Andrew P Morris, Martina Muller-Nurasyid, Patricia B Munroe, Narisu Narisu, Christopher P Nelson, Matt Neville, Ioanna Ntalla, Jeffrey R O’Connel, Katharine R Owen, Oluf Pedersen, Gina M Peloso, Craig E Pennell, Markus Perola, James A Perry, John RB Perry, Tune H Pers, Ailith Pirie, Ozren Polasek, Olli T Raitakari, Asif Rasheed, Chelsea K Raulerson, Rainer Rauramaa, Dermot F Reilly, Alex P Reiner, Paul M Ridker, Manuel A Rivas, Neil R Robertson, Antonietta Robino, Igor Rudan, Katherine S Ruth, Danish Saleheen, Veikko Salomaa, Nilesh J Samani, Pamela J Schreiner, Matthias B Schulze, Robert A Scott, Marcelo P Segura-Lepe, Xueling Sim, Andrew J Slater, Kerrin S Small, Blair H Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Lorraine Southam, Timothy D Spector, Elizabeth K Speliotes, Kari Stefansson, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Kathleen E Stirrups, Konstantin Strauch, Heather M Stringham, Michael Stumvoll, Liang Sun, Praveen Surendran, Karin MA Swart, Jean-Claude Tardif, Kent D Taylor, Alexander Teumer, Deborah J Thompson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Betina H Thuesen, Anke Tönjes, Mina Torres, Emmanouil Tsafantakis, Jaakko Tuomilehto, André G Uitterlinden, Matti Uusitupa, Cornelia M van Duijn, Mauno Vanhala, Rohit Varma, Sita H Vermeulen, Henrik Vestergaard, Veronique Vitart, Thomas F Vogt, Dragana Ntalla, Lynne E Wagenknecht, Mark Walker, Lars Wallentin, Feijie Wang, Carol A Wang, Shuai Wang, Nicholas J Wareham, Helen R Warren, Dawn M Waterworth, Jennifer Wessel, Harvey D White, Cristen J Willer, James G Wilson, Andrew R Wood, Ying Wu, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Jie Yao, Laura M Yerges-Armstrong, Robin Young, Eleftheria Zeggini, Xiaowei Zhan, Weihua Zhang, Jing Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, He Zheng, Wei Zhou, M Carola Zillikens, GoT2D Genes Consortium CHD Exome+ Consortium, EPIC-CVD Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, InterAct, ReproGen Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, The MAGIC Investigators, Fernando Rivadeneira, Ingrid B Borecki, John A Pospisilik, Panos Deloukas, Timothy M Frayling, Guillaume Lettre, Karen L Mohlke, Jerome I Rotter, Zoltan Kutalik, Joel N Hirschhorn, L Adrienne Cupples, Ruth JF Loos, Kari E North, Cecilia M Lindgren
bioRxiv 352674; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/352674
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Protein-Coding Variants Implicate Novel Genes Related to Lipid Homeostasis Contributing to Body Fat Distribution
Anne E Justice, Tugce Karaderi, Heather M Highland, Kristin L Young, Mariaelisa Graff, Yingchang Lu, Valérie Turcot, Paul L Auer, Rebecca S Fine, Xiuqing Guo, Claudia Schurmann, Adelheid Lempradl, Eirini Marouli, Anubha Mahajan, Thomas W Winkler, Adam E Locke, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Tõnu Esko, Sailaja Vedantam, Ayush Giri, Ken Sin Lo, Tamuno Alfred, Poorva Mudgal, Maggie CY Ng, Nancy L Heard-Costa, Mary F Feitosa, Alisa K Manning, Sara M Willems, Suthesh Sivapalaratnam, Goncalo Abecasis, Dewan S Alam, Matthew Allison, Philippe Amouyel, Zorayr Arzumanyan, Beverley Balkau, Lisa Bastarache, Sven Bergmann, Lawrence F Bielak, Matthias Blüher, Michael Boehnke, Heiner Boeing, Eric Boerwinkle, Carsten A Boger, Jette Bork-Jensen, Erwin P Bottinger, Donald W Bowden, Ivan Brandslund, Linda Broer, Amber A Burt, Adam S Butterworth, Mark J Caulfield, Giancarlo Cesana, John C Chambers, Daniel I Chasman, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Rajiv Chowdhury, Cramer Christensen, Audrey Y Chu, Francis S Collins, James P Cook, Amanda J Cox, David S Crosslin, John Danesh, Paul IW de Bakker, Simon de Denus, Renee de Mutsert, George Dedoussis, Ellen W Demerath, Joe G Dennis, Josh C Denny, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Marcus Dorr, Fotios Drenos, Marie-Pierre Dube, Alison M Dunning, Douglas F Easton, Paul Elliott, Evangelos Evangelou, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Shuang Feng, Ele Ferrannini, Jean Ferrieres, Jose C Florez, Myriam Fornage, Caroline S Fox, Paul W Franks, Nele Friedrich, Wei Gan, Ilaria Gandin, Paolo Gasparini, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Giorgia Girotto, Mathias Gorski, Harald Grallert, Niels Grarup, Megan L Grove, Stefan Gustafsson, Jeff Haessler, Torben Hansen, Andrew T Hattersley, Caroline Hayward, Iris M Heid, Oddgeir L Holmen, G Kees Hovingh, Joanna MM Howson, Yao Hu, Yi-Jen Hung, Kristian Hveem, M Arfan Ikram, Erik Ingelsson, Anne U Jackson, Gail P Jarvik, Yucheng Jia, Torben Jørgensen, Pekka Jousilahti, Johanne M Justesen, Bratati Kahali, Maria Karaleftheri, Sharon LR Kardia, Fredrik Karpe, Frank Kee, Hidetoshi Kitajima, Pirjo Komulainen, Jaspal S Kooner, Peter Kovacs, Bernhard K Kramer, Kari Kuulasmaa, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Timo A Lakka, David Lamparter, Leslie A Lange, Claudia Langenberg, Eric B Larson, Nanette R Lee, Wen-Jane Lee, Terho Lehtimäki, Cora E Lewis, Huaixing Li, Jin Li, Ruifang Li-Gao, Li-An Lin, Xu Lin, Lars Lind, Jaana Lindström, Allan Linneberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Dajiang J Liu, Jian’an Luan, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Stuart MacGregor, Reedik Mägi, Satu Männistö, Gaëlle Marenne, Jonathan Marten, Nicholas GD Masca, Mark I McCarthy, Karina Meidtner, Evelin Mihailov, Leena Moilanen, Marie Moitry, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Anna Morgan, Andrew P Morris, Martina Muller-Nurasyid, Patricia B Munroe, Narisu Narisu, Christopher P Nelson, Matt Neville, Ioanna Ntalla, Jeffrey R O’Connel, Katharine R Owen, Oluf Pedersen, Gina M Peloso, Craig E Pennell, Markus Perola, James A Perry, John RB Perry, Tune H Pers, Ailith Pirie, Ozren Polasek, Olli T Raitakari, Asif Rasheed, Chelsea K Raulerson, Rainer Rauramaa, Dermot F Reilly, Alex P Reiner, Paul M Ridker, Manuel A Rivas, Neil R Robertson, Antonietta Robino, Igor Rudan, Katherine S Ruth, Danish Saleheen, Veikko Salomaa, Nilesh J Samani, Pamela J Schreiner, Matthias B Schulze, Robert A Scott, Marcelo P Segura-Lepe, Xueling Sim, Andrew J Slater, Kerrin S Small, Blair H Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Lorraine Southam, Timothy D Spector, Elizabeth K Speliotes, Kari Stefansson, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Kathleen E Stirrups, Konstantin Strauch, Heather M Stringham, Michael Stumvoll, Liang Sun, Praveen Surendran, Karin MA Swart, Jean-Claude Tardif, Kent D Taylor, Alexander Teumer, Deborah J Thompson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Betina H Thuesen, Anke Tönjes, Mina Torres, Emmanouil Tsafantakis, Jaakko Tuomilehto, André G Uitterlinden, Matti Uusitupa, Cornelia M van Duijn, Mauno Vanhala, Rohit Varma, Sita H Vermeulen, Henrik Vestergaard, Veronique Vitart, Thomas F Vogt, Dragana Ntalla, Lynne E Wagenknecht, Mark Walker, Lars Wallentin, Feijie Wang, Carol A Wang, Shuai Wang, Nicholas J Wareham, Helen R Warren, Dawn M Waterworth, Jennifer Wessel, Harvey D White, Cristen J Willer, James G Wilson, Andrew R Wood, Ying Wu, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Jie Yao, Laura M Yerges-Armstrong, Robin Young, Eleftheria Zeggini, Xiaowei Zhan, Weihua Zhang, Jing Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, He Zheng, Wei Zhou, M Carola Zillikens, GoT2D Genes Consortium CHD Exome+ Consortium, EPIC-CVD Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, InterAct, ReproGen Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, The MAGIC Investigators, Fernando Rivadeneira, Ingrid B Borecki, John A Pospisilik, Panos Deloukas, Timothy M Frayling, Guillaume Lettre, Karen L Mohlke, Jerome I Rotter, Zoltan Kutalik, Joel N Hirschhorn, L Adrienne Cupples, Ruth JF Loos, Kari E North, Cecilia M Lindgren
bioRxiv 352674; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/352674

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