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Single-trial characterization of neural rhythms: potential and challenges

View ORCID ProfileJulian Q. Kosciessa, Thomas H. Grandy, View ORCID ProfileDouglas D. Garrett, Markus Werkle-Bergner
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/356089
Julian Q. Kosciessa
1Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin/London
2Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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  • ORCID record for Julian Q. Kosciessa
  • For correspondence: kosciessa@mpib-berlin.mpg.de werkle@mpib-berlin.mpg.de
Thomas H. Grandy
2Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Douglas D. Garrett
1Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin/London
2Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Markus Werkle-Bergner
2Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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  • For correspondence: kosciessa@mpib-berlin.mpg.de werkle@mpib-berlin.mpg.de
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Abstract

The average power of rhythmic neural responses as captured by MEG/EEG/LFP recordings is a prevalent index of human brain function. Increasing evidence questions the utility of trial-/group averaged power estimates, as seemingly sustained activity patterns may be brought about by time-varying transient signals in each single trial. Hence, it is crucial to accurately describe the duration and power of rhythmic and arrhythmic neural responses on the single trial-level. However, it is less clear how well this can be achieved in empirical MEG/EEG/LFP recordings. Here, we extend an existing rhythm detection algorithm (extended Better OSCillation detection: “eBOSC”; cf. Whitten et al., 2011) to systematically investigate boundary conditions for estimating neural rhythms at the single-trial level. Using simulations as well as resting and task-based EEG recordings from a micro-longitudinal assessment, we show that alpha rhythms can be successfully captured in single trials with high specificity, but that the quality of single-trial estimates varies greatly between subjects. Importantly, our analyses suggest that rhythmic estimates are reliable within-subject markers, but may not be consistently valid descriptors of the individual rhythmic process. Finally, we highlight the utility and potential of rhythm detection with multiple proof-of-concept examples, and discuss various implications for single-trial analyses of neural rhythms in electrophysiological recordings.

Highlights

  • Traditional narrow-band rhythm metrics conflate the power and duration of rhythmic and arrhythmic periods.

  • We extend a state-of-the-art rhythm detection method (eBOSC) to derive rhythmic episodes in single trials that can disambiguate rhythmic and arrhythmic periods.

  • Simulations indicate that this can be done with high specificity given sufficient rhythmic power, but with strongly impaired sensitivity when rhythmic power is low.

  • Empirically, surface EEG recordings exhibit stable inter-individual differences in α-rhythmicity in ranges where simulations suggest a gradual bias, leading to high collinearity between narrow-band and rhythm-specific estimates.

  • Beyond these limitations, we highlight multiple empirical proof-of-concept benefits of characterizing rhythmic episodes in single trials.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 20, 2019.
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Single-trial characterization of neural rhythms: potential and challenges
Julian Q. Kosciessa, Thomas H. Grandy, Douglas D. Garrett, Markus Werkle-Bergner
bioRxiv 356089; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/356089
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Single-trial characterization of neural rhythms: potential and challenges
Julian Q. Kosciessa, Thomas H. Grandy, Douglas D. Garrett, Markus Werkle-Bergner
bioRxiv 356089; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/356089

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