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Memory Image Completion (MIC): Establishing a task to behaviorally assess pattern completion in humans

View ORCID ProfilePaula Vieweg, View ORCID ProfileMartin Riemer, View ORCID ProfileDavid Berron, View ORCID ProfileThomas Wolbers
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/366203
Paula Vieweg
aInstitute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
bGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Martin Riemer
bGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
cMedical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg (FME), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
dCenter for Behavioral Brain Sciences, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
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David Berron
bGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
eInstitute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
fClinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
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Thomas Wolbers
bGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
cMedical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg (FME), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
dCenter for Behavioral Brain Sciences, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
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Abstract

For memory retrieval, pattern completion is a crucial process that restores memories from partial or degraded cues. Neurocognitive aging models suggest that the aged memory system is biased toward pattern completion, resulting in a behavioral preference for retrieval over encoding of memories. While there are behavioral tasks to assess the encoding side of these memory differences, pattern completion has received less attention in the literature. Here, we built on our previously developed behavioral recognition memory paradigm – the Memory Image Completion task (MIC) – a task to specifically target pattern completion. First, we used the original design with concurrent eye-tracking in order to rule out perceptual confounds that could interact with recognition performance. Second, we developed parallel versions of the task to accommodate test settings in clinical environments or longitudinal studies. The results show that older adults have a deficit in pattern completion ability with a concurrent bias toward pattern completion – a replication of previously found effects. Importantly, eye-tracking data during encoding could not account for age-related performance differences. At retrieval, spatial viewing patterns for both age groups were more driven by stimulus identity than by response choice, but compared to young adults, older adults’ fixation patterns overlapped more between stimuli that they (wrongly) thought had the same identity. This supports the observation that when making errors older adults choose responses perceived as similar to the correct stimulus, which is interpreted as a bias toward pattern completion. Additionally, two shorter versions of the task yielded comparable results, and no general learning effects were observed for repeated testing. Together, we present evidence that the MIC is a reliable behavioral task that targets pattern completion, that is easily and repeatedly applicable, and that is made freely available online.

Footnotes

  • The authors declare no conflict of interest, and no competing financial interests.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 11, 2018.
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Memory Image Completion (MIC): Establishing a task to behaviorally assess pattern completion in humans
Paula Vieweg, Martin Riemer, David Berron, Thomas Wolbers
bioRxiv 366203; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/366203
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Memory Image Completion (MIC): Establishing a task to behaviorally assess pattern completion in humans
Paula Vieweg, Martin Riemer, David Berron, Thomas Wolbers
bioRxiv 366203; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/366203

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