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Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals footprints of cattle adaptation to sub-arctic conditions

View ORCID ProfileKisun Pokharel, Melak Weldenegodguad, Ruslan Popov, Mervi Honkatukia, Hanna Huuki, Heli Lindeberg, Jaana Peippo, Tiina Reilas, Stepan Zarovnyaev, Juha Kantanen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/379925
Kisun Pokharel
1Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
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  • ORCID record for Kisun Pokharel
Melak Weldenegodguad
1Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
2Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70311 Kuopio, Finland
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Ruslan Popov
3Yakutian Research Institute of Agriculture (FGBNU Yakutskij NIISH), 67001 Yakutsk, ul. Bestyzhevo-Marlinskogo 23/1, Russia, The Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
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Mervi Honkatukia
1Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
4The Nordic Genetic Resources Center (Nordgen), P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway
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Hanna Huuki
1Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
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Heli Lindeberg
5Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Halolantie 31A, FI-71750, Maaninka, Finland
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Jaana Peippo
1Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
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Tiina Reilas
1Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
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Stepan Zarovnyaev
6GBU Saha Agroplem, 67700 Yakutsk, ul. Ordzhonkidze 20/204, Russia, The Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
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Juha Kantanen
1Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
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  • For correspondence: juha.kantanen@luke.fi
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Summary

Indigenous cattle breeds in northern Eurasia have adapted to harsh climate conditions. The local breeds are important genetic resources with cultural and historical heritages, and therefore, their preservation and genetic characterization are important. In this study, we aim to identify genes and biological processes that are important for their adaptation to the cold and harsh conditions. For this purpose, we profiled the whole-blood transcriptome of two native breeds and one commercial breed using high-throughput RNA sequencing. More than 15,000 genes were identified, of which 2, 89, and 162 genes were significantly upregulated exclusively in Northern Finncattle, Yakutian cattle and Holstein cattle, respectively. The functional classification of these significantly differentially expressed genes identified several biological processes and pathways related to signalling mechanisms, cell differentiation, and host-pathogen interactions that, in general, point towards immunity and disease resistance mechanisms. The gene expression pattern observed in Northern Finncattle was more similar to that of Yakutian cattle, despite sharing similar living conditions as the Holstein cattle included in our study. In conclusion, our study identified unique biological processes in these breeds that help them to adapt and survive in sub-arctic environments.

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Posted August 10, 2018.
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Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals footprints of cattle adaptation to sub-arctic conditions
Kisun Pokharel, Melak Weldenegodguad, Ruslan Popov, Mervi Honkatukia, Hanna Huuki, Heli Lindeberg, Jaana Peippo, Tiina Reilas, Stepan Zarovnyaev, Juha Kantanen
bioRxiv 379925; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/379925
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Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals footprints of cattle adaptation to sub-arctic conditions
Kisun Pokharel, Melak Weldenegodguad, Ruslan Popov, Mervi Honkatukia, Hanna Huuki, Heli Lindeberg, Jaana Peippo, Tiina Reilas, Stepan Zarovnyaev, Juha Kantanen
bioRxiv 379925; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/379925

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