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Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates

Rylan Shearn, Alison E. Wright, Sylvain Mousset, Corinne Régis, Simon Penel, Jean-François Lemaitre, Guillaume Douay, Brigitte Crouau-Roy, Emilie Lecompte, View ORCID ProfileGabriel A.B. Marais
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/445072
Rylan Shearn
1Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS / Univ. Lyon 1, France
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Alison E. Wright
2Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Sylvain Mousset
1Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS / Univ. Lyon 1, France
3Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Corinne Régis
1Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS / Univ. Lyon 1, France
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Simon Penel
1Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS / Univ. Lyon 1, France
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Jean-François Lemaitre
1Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS / Univ. Lyon 1, France
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Guillaume Douay
4Zoo de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Brigitte Crouau-Roy
5Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS / Univ. Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Emilie Lecompte
5Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS / Univ. Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Gabriel A.B. Marais
1Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS / Univ. Lyon 1, France
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  • ORCID record for Gabriel A.B. Marais
  • For correspondence: gabriel.marais@univ-lyon1.fr
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Abstract

Sex chromosomes are typically comprised of a non-recombining region and a recombining pseudoautosomal region. Accurately quantifying the relative size of these regions is critical for sex chromosome biology both from a functional (i.e. number of sex-linked genes) and evolutionary perspective (i.e. extent of Y degeneration and X-Y heteromorphy). The evolution of the pseudoautosomal boundary (PAB) - the limit between the recombining and the non-recombining regions of the sex chromosomes - is well documented in haplorrhines (apes and monkeys) but not in strepsirrhines (lemurs and lorises), which represent almost 30% of all primates. Here we studied the PAB of seven species representing the main strepsirrhine lineages by sequencing a male and a female genome in each species and using sex differences in coverage to identify the PAB. We found that during primate evolution, the PAB has remained unchanged in strepsirrhines whereas several recombination suppression events moved the PAB and shortened the pseudoautosomal region in haplorrhines. Strepsirrhines are well known to have much lower sexual dimorphism than haplorrhines. We suggest that mutations with antagonistic effects between males and females have driven recombination suppression and PAB evolution in haplorrhines. Our work supports the view that sexually antagonistic mutations have influenced the evolution of sex chromosomes in primates.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Cite as: Shearn, R., Wright, A. E., Mousset, S., Régis, C., Penel, S., Lemaitre, J.-F., Douay, G., Crouau-Roy, B., Lecompte, E. and Marais, G. A. B. (2020) Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates. bioRxiv, 445072, ver. 6 peer-reviewed and recommended by PCI Evolutionary Biology, https://doi.org/10.1101/445072

  • Version 6 of this preprint has been peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community In Evolutionary Biology (https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.evolbiol.100108)

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted September 07, 2020.
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Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates
Rylan Shearn, Alison E. Wright, Sylvain Mousset, Corinne Régis, Simon Penel, Jean-François Lemaitre, Guillaume Douay, Brigitte Crouau-Roy, Emilie Lecompte, Gabriel A.B. Marais
bioRxiv 445072; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/445072
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Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates
Rylan Shearn, Alison E. Wright, Sylvain Mousset, Corinne Régis, Simon Penel, Jean-François Lemaitre, Guillaume Douay, Brigitte Crouau-Roy, Emilie Lecompte, Gabriel A.B. Marais
bioRxiv 445072; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/445072

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