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ahr2, but not ahr1a or ahr1b, is required for craniofacial and fin development and TCDD-dependent cardiotoxicity in zebrafish

View ORCID ProfileJaclyn P Souder, View ORCID ProfileDaniel A Gorelick
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/445213
Jaclyn P Souder
1Medical Scientist Training Program & Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
2Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Daniel A Gorelick
1Medical Scientist Training Program & Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
2Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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  • For correspondence: gorelick@bcm.edu
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ABSTRACT

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that binds environmental toxins and regulates gene expression. AHR also regulates developmental processes, like craniofacial development and hematopoiesis, in the absence of environmental exposures. Zebrafish have three paralogues of AHR: ahr1a, ahr1b and ahr2. Adult zebrafish with mutations in ahr2 exhibited craniofacial and fin defects. However, the degree to which ahr1a and ahr1b influence ahr2 signaling and contribute to fin and craniofacial development are not known. We compared morphology of adult ahr2 mutants and ahr1a/ahr1b single and double mutant zebrafish. We found that ahr1a/ahr1b single and double mutants were morphologically normal while ahr2 mutant zebrafish demonstrated fin and craniofacial malformations. At 5 days post fertilization, both ahr1a/ahr1b and ahr2 mutant larvae were normal, suggesting that adult phenotypes are due to defects in maturation or maintenance. AHR was shown to interact with estrogen receptor alpha, yet it is not known whether these interactions are constitutive or dependent on ahr1 genes. To determine whether estrogen receptors are constitutive cofactors for AHR signaling, we used genetic and pharmacologic techniques to analyze TCDD-dependent toxicity in estrogen receptor and ahr mutant embryos. We found that embryos with mutations in ahr1a/ahr1b or estrogen receptor genes are susceptible to TCDD toxicity while ahr2 mutant embryos are TCDD-resistant. Moreover, pharmacologic blockade of nuclear estrogen receptors failed to prevent TCDD toxicity. These findings suggest that ahr1 genes do not have overlapping functions with ahr2 in fin and craniofacial development or TCDD-dependent toxicity, and that estrogen receptors are not constitutive partners of ahr2.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted October 16, 2018.
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ahr2, but not ahr1a or ahr1b, is required for craniofacial and fin development and TCDD-dependent cardiotoxicity in zebrafish
Jaclyn P Souder, Daniel A Gorelick
bioRxiv 445213; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/445213
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ahr2, but not ahr1a or ahr1b, is required for craniofacial and fin development and TCDD-dependent cardiotoxicity in zebrafish
Jaclyn P Souder, Daniel A Gorelick
bioRxiv 445213; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/445213

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