Summary
Let there are n i.i.d observations, each producing a two tuple of real values (xi, yi), i ∊ {1,……, n} giving rise to random variables X = (x1,…, xn) and Y = (y1,…, yn). What is the statistical significance of the hypothesis that an increase in the independent variable X is causing an increase (or decrease) to the dependent variable Y ?
Copyright
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