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Inter-slice leakage and intra-slice aliasing in simultaneous multi-slice echo-planar images

View ORCID ProfileCarolyn Beth McNabb, Michael Lindner, Shan Shen, Laura Grace Burgess, Kou Murayama, Tom Johnstone
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/458042
Carolyn Beth McNabb
aSchool of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 7BE, United Kingdom
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  • For correspondence: c.b.mcnabb@reading.ac.uk
Michael Lindner
aSchool of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 7BE, United Kingdom
bCentre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 7BE, United Kingdom
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Shan Shen
cTechnical Support, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Laura Grace Burgess
aSchool of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 7BE, United Kingdom
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Kou Murayama
aSchool of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 7BE, United Kingdom
dResearch Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi, Japan
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Tom Johnstone
aSchool of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 7BE, United Kingdom
eSchool of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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Abstract

Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging is a popular technique for increasing acquisition speed in echo-planar imaging (EPI) fMRI. However, SMS data are prone to motion sensitivity and slice leakage artefacts, which spread signal between simultaneously acquired slices. Relevant to motion sensitivity, artefacts from moving anatomic structures propagate along the phase-encoding (PE) direction. This is particularly relevant for eye movement. As signal from the eye is acquired along with signal from simultaneously excited slices during SMS, there is potential for signal to spread in-plane and between spatially remote slices. After identifying an artefact temporally coinciding with signal fluctuations in the eye and spatially distributed in correspondence with multiband slice acceleration and parallel imaging factors, we conducted a series of small experiments to investigate eye movement artefacts in SMS data and the contribution of PE direction to the invasiveness of these artefacts. Five healthy adult volunteers were scanned during a blinking task using a standard SMS-EPI protocol with posterior-to-anterior (P≫A), anterior-to-posterior (A≫P) or right-to-left (R≫L) PE direction. The intensity of signal fluctuations (artefact severity) was measured at expected artefact positions and control positions. We demonstrated a direct relationship between eye movements and artefact severity across expected artefact regions. Within-brain artefacts were apparent in P≫A- and A≫P-acquired data but not in R≫L data due to the shift in artefact positions. Further research into eye motion artefacts in SMS data is warranted but researchers should exercise caution with SMS protocols. We recommend rigorous piloting of SMS protocols and switching to R≫L/L≫R PE where feasible.

Footnotes

  • Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

  • Correction of figure 2 and further description of control region locations.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 21, 2020.
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Inter-slice leakage and intra-slice aliasing in simultaneous multi-slice echo-planar images
Carolyn Beth McNabb, Michael Lindner, Shan Shen, Laura Grace Burgess, Kou Murayama, Tom Johnstone
bioRxiv 458042; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/458042
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Inter-slice leakage and intra-slice aliasing in simultaneous multi-slice echo-planar images
Carolyn Beth McNabb, Michael Lindner, Shan Shen, Laura Grace Burgess, Kou Murayama, Tom Johnstone
bioRxiv 458042; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/458042

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