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A complete Cannabis chromosome assembly and adaptive admixture for elevated cannabidiol (CBD) content

Christopher J. Grassa, Jonathan P. Wenger, Clemon Dabney, Shane G. Poplawski, S. Timothy Motley, Todd P. Michael, C.J. Schwartz, George D. Weiblen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/458083
Christopher J. Grassa
1Sunrise Genetics, Inc., Ft. Collins, CO, USA.
2Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA,USA.
3Economic Herbarium of Oakes Ames, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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  • For correspondence: cj_grassa@fas.harvard.edu tmichael@jcvi.org gweiblen@umn.edu
Jonathan P. Wenger
4Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
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Clemon Dabney
4Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
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Shane G. Poplawski
5Department of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.
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S. Timothy Motley
5Department of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Todd P. Michael
5Department of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.
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  • For correspondence: cj_grassa@fas.harvard.edu tmichael@jcvi.org gweiblen@umn.edu
C.J. Schwartz
1Sunrise Genetics, Inc., Ft. Collins, CO, USA.
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George D. Weiblen
4Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
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  • For correspondence: cj_grassa@fas.harvard.edu tmichael@jcvi.org gweiblen@umn.edu
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Abstract

Cannabis has been cultivated for millennia with distinct cultivars providing either fiber and grain or tetrahydrocannabinol. Recent demand for cannabidiol rather than tetrahydrocannabinol has favored the breeding of admixed cultivars with extremely high cannabidiol content. Despite several draft Cannabis genomes, the genomic structure of cannabinoid synthase loci has remained elusive. A genetic map derived from a tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol segregating population and a complete chromosome assembly from a high-cannabidiol cultivar together resolve the linkage of cannabidiolic and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase gene clusters which are associated with transposable elements. High-cannabidiol cultivars appear to have been generated by integrating hemp-type cannabidiolic acid synthase gene clusters into a background of marijuana-type cannabis. Quantitative trait locus mapping suggests that overall drug potency, however, is associated with other genomic regions needing additional study.

Summary A complete chromosome assembly and an ultra-high-density linkage map together identify the genetic mechanism responsible for the ratio of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to cannabidiol (CBD) in Cannabis cultivars, allowing paradigms for the evolution and inheritance of drug potency to be evaluated.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 01, 2018.
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A complete Cannabis chromosome assembly and adaptive admixture for elevated cannabidiol (CBD) content
Christopher J. Grassa, Jonathan P. Wenger, Clemon Dabney, Shane G. Poplawski, S. Timothy Motley, Todd P. Michael, C.J. Schwartz, George D. Weiblen
bioRxiv 458083; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/458083
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A complete Cannabis chromosome assembly and adaptive admixture for elevated cannabidiol (CBD) content
Christopher J. Grassa, Jonathan P. Wenger, Clemon Dabney, Shane G. Poplawski, S. Timothy Motley, Todd P. Michael, C.J. Schwartz, George D. Weiblen
bioRxiv 458083; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/458083

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