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Premovement suppression of corticospinal excitability may be a necessary part of movement preparation

View ORCID ProfileJ. Ibáñez, R. Hannah, L. Rocchi, J.C. Rothwell
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/470153
J. Ibáñez
1Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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  • For correspondence: j.ibanez@ucl.ac.uk
R. Hannah
1Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
2Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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L. Rocchi
1Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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J.C. Rothwell
1Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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ABSTRACT

In a warned reaction time (RT) task, corticospinal excitability (CSE) decreases in task-related muscles at the time of the imperative signal (preparatory inhibition). Because RT tasks emphasise speed of response, it is impossible to distinguish whether preparatory inhibition reflects a mechanism preventing premature reactions, or whether it is an inherent part of movement preparation. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to study CSE changes preceding RT movements and movements that were either self-paced (SP) or performed at predictable times to coincide with an external event (PT). Results show that CSE changes over a similar temporal profile in all cases, suggesting that preparatory inhibition is a necessary state in planned movements allowing the transition between rest and movement. Additionally, TMS given shortly before the times to move speeded the onset of movements in both RT and SP contexts, suggesting that their initiation depends on a form of trigger that can be conditioned by external signals. On the contrary, PT movements do not show this effect, suggesting the use of a mechanistically different triggering strategy. This relative immunity of PT tasks to be biased by external events may reflect a mechanism that ensures priority of internal predictive signals to trigger movement onset.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted May 07, 2019.
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Premovement suppression of corticospinal excitability may be a necessary part of movement preparation
J. Ibáñez, R. Hannah, L. Rocchi, J.C. Rothwell
bioRxiv 470153; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/470153
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Premovement suppression of corticospinal excitability may be a necessary part of movement preparation
J. Ibáñez, R. Hannah, L. Rocchi, J.C. Rothwell
bioRxiv 470153; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/470153

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