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A contractile acto-myosin belt promotes growth anisotropy during the early stages of pectoral fin development in zebrafish

Elena Kardash, Hanh Nguyen, Martin Behrndt, Carl-Philipp Heisenberg, Nadine Peyriéras, Marcos Gonzalez-Gaitan
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/512038
Elena Kardash
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
2BioEmergences Laboratory (USR 3695), CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Hanh Nguyen
2BioEmergences Laboratory (USR 3695), CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Martin Behrndt
3Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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Carl-Philipp Heisenberg
3Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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Nadine Peyriéras
2BioEmergences Laboratory (USR 3695), CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Marcos Gonzalez-Gaitan
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
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Summary

The zebrafish pectoral fin is an in vivo model for vertebrate limb formation, well suited to investigate the integration of molecular and cellular dynamics, the results of which translate into shaping the limb bud. We used the ratio between the lengths of the anterior-posterior (AP) and dorso-ventral (DV) axes as the descriptor of how fin shape changes over time. We showed that fin shape transitions from close to hemi-spherical (ratio 1. 36 ± 0.11) to semi-ellipsoid (ratio 1.64 ± 0.04) between 33 and 46 hours post fertilization (hpf). This shape transition coincided with the formation of a contractile “actin belt” at the distal rim of the fin bud along its AP axis. The actin belt emerged from a central position and expanded on both sides along the distal rim of the fin, thus marking the DV boundary between two rows of ectodermal cells. Formation of the actin belt depended on Rac protein activity, as suggested by FRET measurements using a Rac biosensor. 3D+time imaging of the developing fin in Rac-deficient embryos showed that anisotropic growth of the fin depends on the actin belt. Indeed, actin belt formation was dramatically reduced or even absent in the embryos without proper Rac activity. This correlated with isotropic growth of the fin bud from normal shape at 33 hpf to quasi hemispherical shape with AP/DV ratio ~1 13 hours later, without affecting cell number and overall bud volume. We propose that the formation of a contractile acto-myosin belt is essential to drive the pectoral fin’s early anisotropic growth.

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Posted January 06, 2019.
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A contractile acto-myosin belt promotes growth anisotropy during the early stages of pectoral fin development in zebrafish
Elena Kardash, Hanh Nguyen, Martin Behrndt, Carl-Philipp Heisenberg, Nadine Peyriéras, Marcos Gonzalez-Gaitan
bioRxiv 512038; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/512038
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A contractile acto-myosin belt promotes growth anisotropy during the early stages of pectoral fin development in zebrafish
Elena Kardash, Hanh Nguyen, Martin Behrndt, Carl-Philipp Heisenberg, Nadine Peyriéras, Marcos Gonzalez-Gaitan
bioRxiv 512038; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/512038

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