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Comparative Population Genomics of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Reveals Its Cultivation and Breeding History in China

Haofeng Chen, Chengzhi Jiao, Ying Wang, Yuange Wang, Caihuan Tian, Haopeng Yu, Jing Wang, Xiangfeng Wang, Fei Lu, Xiangdong Fu, Yongbiao Xue, Wenkai Jiang, Hongqing Ling, Hongfeng Lu, Yuling Jiao
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/519587
Haofeng Chen
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
2State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Chengzhi Jiao
3Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China.
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Ying Wang
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Yuange Wang
2State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Caihuan Tian
2State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Haopeng Yu
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
2State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
4West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, and Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Jing Wang
2State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Xiangfeng Wang
5Department of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Fei Lu
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
6State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Xiangdong Fu
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
6State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Yongbiao Xue
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
6State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Wenkai Jiang
3Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China.
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Hongqing Ling
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
6State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Hongfeng Lu
3Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China.
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  • For correspondence: yljiao@genetics.ac.cn luhongfeng@novogene.cn
Yuling Jiao
1College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
2State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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  • For correspondence: yljiao@genetics.ac.cn luhongfeng@novogene.cn
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Abstract

The evolution of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is distinctive in that domestication, natural hybridization, and allopolyploid speciation have all had significant effects on the diversification of its genome. Wheat was spread around the world by humans and has been cultivated in China for ~4,600 years. Here, we report a comprehensive assessment of the evolution of wheat based on the genome-wide resequencing of 120 representative landraces and elite wheat accessions from China and other representative regions. We found substantially higher genetic diversity in the A and B subgenomes than in the D subgenome. Notably, the A and B subgenomes of the modern Chinese elite cultivars were mainly derived from European landraces, while Chinese landraces had a greater contribution to their D subgenomes. The duplicated copies of homoeologous genes from the A, B, and D subgenomes were commonly found to be under different levels of selection. Our genome-wide assessment of the genetic changes associated with wheat breeding in China provides new strategies and practical targets for future breeding.

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Posted January 14, 2019.
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Comparative Population Genomics of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Reveals Its Cultivation and Breeding History in China
Haofeng Chen, Chengzhi Jiao, Ying Wang, Yuange Wang, Caihuan Tian, Haopeng Yu, Jing Wang, Xiangfeng Wang, Fei Lu, Xiangdong Fu, Yongbiao Xue, Wenkai Jiang, Hongqing Ling, Hongfeng Lu, Yuling Jiao
bioRxiv 519587; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/519587
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Comparative Population Genomics of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Reveals Its Cultivation and Breeding History in China
Haofeng Chen, Chengzhi Jiao, Ying Wang, Yuange Wang, Caihuan Tian, Haopeng Yu, Jing Wang, Xiangfeng Wang, Fei Lu, Xiangdong Fu, Yongbiao Xue, Wenkai Jiang, Hongqing Ling, Hongfeng Lu, Yuling Jiao
bioRxiv 519587; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/519587

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