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Thermodynamic Measures of Human Brain Development from Fetal Stage to Adulthood

Edward A. Rietman, Sophie Taylor, Hava T. Siegelmann, Marco Cavaglia, Jack A. Tuszynski
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/547364
Edward A. Rietman
1BINDS Lab, School of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 140 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003-9264, United States
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Sophie Taylor
2Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
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Hava T. Siegelmann
1BINDS Lab, School of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 140 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003-9264, United States
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Marco Cavaglia
3ACTISMED, srl, Torino, Italy
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Jack A. Tuszynski
2Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
4DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
5Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2, Canada
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  • For correspondence: jackt@ualberta.ca
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Abstract

This paper analyzes the data obtained from tissue samples of the human brains containing protein expression values. The data have been processed for their thermodynamic measure in terms of the Gibbs free energy of the corresponding protein-protein interaction networks. We have investigated the functional dependence of the Gibbs free energies on age and found consistent trends for most of the 16 main brain areas. The peak of the Gibbs energy values is found at birth with a trend toward plateauing at the age of maturity. We have also compared the data for males and females and uncovered functional differences for some of the brain regions.

Significance Statement In this paper we briefly outline the theoretical basis for a novel analysis of brain development in terms of a thermodynamic measure (Gibbs free energy) for the corresponding protein-protein interaction networks. We analyzed the overall developmental patterns for Gibbs free energy as a function of age across all brain regions. Of particular note was the significant upward trend in the fetal stages, which is generally followed by a sharp dip at birth and a plateau at maturity. We then compared the trends for female and male samples. A crossover pattern was observed for most of the brain regions, where the Gibbs free energy of the male samples were lower than the female samples at prenatal and neonatal ages, but higher at ages 8-40.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 12, 2019.
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Thermodynamic Measures of Human Brain Development from Fetal Stage to Adulthood
Edward A. Rietman, Sophie Taylor, Hava T. Siegelmann, Marco Cavaglia, Jack A. Tuszynski
bioRxiv 547364; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/547364
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Thermodynamic Measures of Human Brain Development from Fetal Stage to Adulthood
Edward A. Rietman, Sophie Taylor, Hava T. Siegelmann, Marco Cavaglia, Jack A. Tuszynski
bioRxiv 547364; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/547364

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