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Ecological and evolutionary patterns in the enigmatic protist genus Percolomonas (Heterolobosea; Discoba) from diverse habitats

Denis V. Tikhonenkov, Soo Hwan Jhin, Yana Eglit, Kai Miller, View ORCID ProfileAndrey Plotnikov, Alastair G.B. Simpson, View ORCID ProfileJong Soo Park
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/612531
Denis V. Tikhonenkov
1Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
2Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Soo Hwan Jhin
3Department of Oceanography, Research Institute for Dok-do and Ulleung-do Island and Kyungpook Institute of Oceanography, School of Earth System Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Yana Eglit
4Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Kai Miller
4Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Andrey Plotnikov
5Center of Shared Scientific Equipment “Persistence of Microorganisms”, Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis UB RAS, Orenburg, Russia
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Alastair G.B. Simpson
4Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
6Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Diversity, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Jong Soo Park
3Department of Oceanography, Research Institute for Dok-do and Ulleung-do Island and Kyungpook Institute of Oceanography, School of Earth System Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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  • For correspondence: jongsoopark@knu.ac.kr
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Abstract

The heterotrophic flagellate Percolomonas cosmopolitus (Heterolobosea) is often observed in saline habitats worldwide that range from coastal waters to saturated brines. However, only two cultures assigned to this morphospecies have been examined using molecular methods, and their 18S rRNA gene sequences are extremely different. Further the salinity tolerances of individual strains are unknown. Thus, our knowledge on the autecology and diversity in this morphospecies is deficient. Here, we report 18S rRNA gene data on seven strains similar to P. cosmopolitus from seven geographically remote locations (New Zealand, Kenya, Korea, Poland, Russia, Spain, and the USA) with sample salinities ranging from 4‰ to 280‰, and compare morphology and salinity tolerance of the nine available strains. Percolomonas cosmopolitus-like strains show few-to-no consistent morphological differences, and form six clades separated by often extremely large 18S rDNA divergences (up to 42.4%). Some strains grew best at salinities from 75 to 125‰ and represent halophiles. All but one of these belonged to two geographically heterogeneous clusters that formed a robust monophyletic group in phylogenetic trees; this likely represents an ecologically specialized subclade of halophiles. Our results suggest that P. cosmopolitus is a cluster of several cryptic species (at least), which are unlikely to be distinguished by geography. Interestingly, the 9 Percolomonas strains formed a clade in 18S rDNA phylogenies, unlike most previous analyses based on two sequences.

  • Cryptic species
  • Heterolobosea
  • Molecular Phylogeny
  • Morphospecies
  • Percolomonas
  • Protist
  • Protozoa
Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 17, 2019.
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Ecological and evolutionary patterns in the enigmatic protist genus Percolomonas (Heterolobosea; Discoba) from diverse habitats
Denis V. Tikhonenkov, Soo Hwan Jhin, Yana Eglit, Kai Miller, Andrey Plotnikov, Alastair G.B. Simpson, Jong Soo Park
bioRxiv 612531; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/612531
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Ecological and evolutionary patterns in the enigmatic protist genus Percolomonas (Heterolobosea; Discoba) from diverse habitats
Denis V. Tikhonenkov, Soo Hwan Jhin, Yana Eglit, Kai Miller, Andrey Plotnikov, Alastair G.B. Simpson, Jong Soo Park
bioRxiv 612531; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/612531

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