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Genetic variation regulates the activation and specificity of Restriction-Modification systems in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

View ORCID ProfileLeonor Sánchez-Busó, View ORCID ProfileDaniel Golparian, View ORCID ProfileJulian Parkhill, View ORCID ProfileMagnus Unemo, View ORCID ProfileSimon R. Harris
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/630434
Leonor Sánchez-Busó
1Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
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  • For correspondence: lsb@sanger.ac.uk sharris@microbiotica.com
Daniel Golparian
2WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, SE-701 85, Sweden
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Julian Parkhill
1Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
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Magnus Unemo
2WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, SE-701 85, Sweden
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Simon R. Harris
1Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
3Microbiotica Ltd, Biodata Innovation Centre, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1DR, UK
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  • For correspondence: lsb@sanger.ac.uk sharris@microbiotica.com
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ABSTRACT

Restriction-Modification systems (RMS) are one of the main mechanisms of defence against foreign DNA invasion and can have an important role in the regulation of gene expression. The obligate human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae carries one of the highest loads of RMS in its genome; between 13 to 15 of the three main types. Previous work has described their organization in the reference genome FA1090 and has experimentally inferred the associated methylated motifs. Here, we studied the structure of RMS and target methylated motifs in 25 gonococcal strains sequenced with Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) technology, which provides data on DNA modification. The results showed a variable picture of active RMS in different strains, with phase variation switching the activity of Type III RMS, and both the activity and specificity of a Type I RMS. Interestingly, the Dam methylase was found in place of the NgoAXI endonuclease in two of the strains, despite being previously thought to be absent in the gonococcus. We also identified the real methylation target of NgoAX as 5’-GCAGA-3’, different from that previously described. Results from this work give further insights into the diversity and dynamics of RMS and methylation patterns in N. gonorrhoeae.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 07, 2019.
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Genetic variation regulates the activation and specificity of Restriction-Modification systems in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Leonor Sánchez-Busó, Daniel Golparian, Julian Parkhill, Magnus Unemo, Simon R. Harris
bioRxiv 630434; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/630434
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Genetic variation regulates the activation and specificity of Restriction-Modification systems in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Leonor Sánchez-Busó, Daniel Golparian, Julian Parkhill, Magnus Unemo, Simon R. Harris
bioRxiv 630434; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/630434

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