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Site-specific effects of online rTMS during a working memory task in healthy older adults

Lysianne Beynel, Simon W. Davis, Courtney A. Crowell, Moritz Dannhauer, Wesley Lim, Hannah Palmer, Susan A. Hilbig, Alexandra Brito, Connor Hile, Bruce Luber, Sarah H. Lisanby, Angel V. Peterchev, Roberto Cabeza, Lawrence G. Appelbaum
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/642983
Lysianne Beynel
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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  • For correspondence: Lysianne.beynel@duke.edu
Simon W. Davis
bDepartment of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, 3116 N Duke Street, Durham, NC 27704, United States of America
cCenter for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Courtney A. Crowell
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
cCenter for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Moritz Dannhauer
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Wesley Lim
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Hannah Palmer
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Susan A. Hilbig
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Alexandra Brito
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Connor Hile
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Bruce Luber
gNational Institute of Mental Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20852, United States of America
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Sarah H. Lisanby
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
gNational Institute of Mental Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20852, United States of America
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Angel V. Peterchev
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
dDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 305 Teer Engineering Building, Box 90271, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
eDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, 305 Teer Engineering Building, Box 90271, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
fDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3807 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Roberto Cabeza
cCenter for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
hDepartment of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, 417 Chapel Drive, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
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Lawrence G. Appelbaum
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Box 3620 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
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Abstract

The process of manipulating information within working memory (WM) is central to many cognitive functions, but also declines rapidly in old age. Given the importance of WM manipulation for maintaining healthy cognition, improving this process could markedly enhance health-span in older adults. The current pre-registered study tested the potential of online repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to enhance WM manipulation in healthy elderly adults. Online 5Hz rTMS was applied over the left lateral parietal cortex of 15 subjects to test the hypothesis that active rTMS would significantly improve performance compared to sham stimulation, and that these effects would be most pronounced in conditions with the highest cognitive demand. rTMS was applied while participants performed a delayed-response alphabetization task with two individually-titrated levels of difficulty. Sham stimulation was applied using an electrical sham coil that produced similar clicking sounds and somatosensory sensation as active stimulation but induced negligible effects on the brain. A stimulation site in left lateral parietal cortex was identified from fMRI activation maps and was targeted using individualized electric field modeling, stereotactic neuronavigation, and real-time robotic positioning, allowing optimal coil placement during the stimulation. Contrary to the a priori hypothesis, active rTMS significantly decreased accuracy relative to sham, and only in the hardest difficulty level. These results, therefore, demonstrate engagement of cortical WM processing, but not the anticipated facilitation, and provide a prescription for future studies that may attempt to enhance memory through application of different stimulation parameters.

Highlights

  • This study is one of the first attempts to enhance WM manipulation with online rTMS

  • Online 5Hz rTMS and sham were applied over the left parietal cortex of older adults

  • Individualized fMRI and electric field modeling were used to optimize targeting

  • Contrary to expectations, rTMS disrupted working memory manipulation abilities

  • This demonstrates that parietal cortex is involved in WM and modifiable with rTMS

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted May 20, 2019.
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Site-specific effects of online rTMS during a working memory task in healthy older adults
Lysianne Beynel, Simon W. Davis, Courtney A. Crowell, Moritz Dannhauer, Wesley Lim, Hannah Palmer, Susan A. Hilbig, Alexandra Brito, Connor Hile, Bruce Luber, Sarah H. Lisanby, Angel V. Peterchev, Roberto Cabeza, Lawrence G. Appelbaum
bioRxiv 642983; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/642983
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Site-specific effects of online rTMS during a working memory task in healthy older adults
Lysianne Beynel, Simon W. Davis, Courtney A. Crowell, Moritz Dannhauer, Wesley Lim, Hannah Palmer, Susan A. Hilbig, Alexandra Brito, Connor Hile, Bruce Luber, Sarah H. Lisanby, Angel V. Peterchev, Roberto Cabeza, Lawrence G. Appelbaum
bioRxiv 642983; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/642983

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