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Loss of developmental diapause as a prerequisite for social evolution in bees

View ORCID ProfilePriscila Karla Ferreira Santos, View ORCID ProfileMaria Cristina Arias, View ORCID ProfileKaren M. Kapheim
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/649897
Priscila Karla Ferreira Santos
1Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências – Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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  • For correspondence: pkfsantos@usp.br karen.kapheim@usu.edu
Maria Cristina Arias
1Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências – Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Karen M. Kapheim
2Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 U.S.A.
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  • For correspondence: pkfsantos@usp.br karen.kapheim@usu.edu
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Abstract

Diapause is a physiological arrest of development ahead of adverse environmental conditions and is a critical phase of the life cycle of many insects. In bees, diapause has been reported in species from all seven taxonomic families. However, they exhibit a variety of diapause strategies. These different strategies are of particular interest since shifts in the phase of the insect life cycle in which diapause occurs has been hypothesized to promote the evolution of sociality. Here we provide a comprehensive evaluation of this hypothesis with phylogenetic analysis and ancestral state reconstruction of the ecological and evolutionary factors associated with diapause phase. We find that social lifestyle, latitude, and voltinism are significant predictors of the life stage in which diapause occurs. Ancestral state reconstruction revealed that the most recent common ancestor of all bees likely exhibited developmental diapause and shifts to adult or reproductive diapause have occurred in the ancestors of lineages in which social behavior has evolved. These results provide fresh insight regarding the role of diapause as a prerequisite for the evolution of sociality in bees.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 24, 2019.
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Loss of developmental diapause as a prerequisite for social evolution in bees
Priscila Karla Ferreira Santos, Maria Cristina Arias, Karen M. Kapheim
bioRxiv 649897; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/649897
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Loss of developmental diapause as a prerequisite for social evolution in bees
Priscila Karla Ferreira Santos, Maria Cristina Arias, Karen M. Kapheim
bioRxiv 649897; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/649897

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