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Reorganisation of complex ciliary flows around regenerating Stentor coeruleus

Kirsty Y. Wan, Sylvia K. Hürlimann, Aidan M. Fenix, Rebecca M. McGillivary, Tatyana Makushok, Evan Burns, Janet Y. Sheung, Wallace F. Marshall
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/681908
Kirsty Y. Wan
Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UKMarine Biological Laboratory, Physiology Course, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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  • For correspondence: k.y.wan2@exeter.ac.uk wallace.marshall@ucsf.edu
Sylvia K. Hürlimann
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USAMarine Biological Laboratory, Physiology Course, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Aidan M. Fenix
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, WA, USACenter for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, WA, USAMarine Biological Laboratory, Physiology Course, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Rebecca M. McGillivary
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USAMarine Biological Laboratory, Physiology Course, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Tatyana Makushok
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USAMarine Biological Laboratory, Physiology Course, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Evan Burns
Department of Biology, Vassar College, NY, USAMarine Biological Laboratory, Whitman Center, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Janet Y. Sheung
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vassar College, NY, USAMarine Biological Laboratory, Whitman Center, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Wallace F. Marshall
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USAMarine Biological Laboratory, Physiology Course, Woods Hole, MA, USA
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  • For correspondence: k.y.wan2@exeter.ac.uk wallace.marshall@ucsf.edu
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Summary

The phenomenon of ciliary coordination has garnered increasing attention in recent decades, with multiple theories accounting for its emergence in different contexts. The heterotrich ciliate Stentor coeruleus is a unicellular organism which boasts a number of features which present unrivalled opportunities for biophysical studies of cilia coordination. With their cerulean colour and distinctive morphology, these large protists possess a characteristic differentiation between cortical rows of short body cilia used for swimming, and an anterior ring structure of fused oral cilia forming a membranellar band. The oral cilia beat metachronously to produce strong feeding currents. In addition to this complex body plan, Stentor have remarkable regenerative capabilities. Minute fragments of single cells can over the period of hours or days, regenerate independently into new, proportional individuals. Certain environmental perturbations elicit a unique programmed response known as oral regeneration wherein only the membranellar band is shed and a new, ciliated oral primordium formed on the side of the body. Here, we target oral regeneration induced by sucrose-shock to reveal the complex interplay between ciliary restructuring and hydrodynamics in Stentor, which accompanies the complete developmental sequence from band formation, elongation, curling, and migration toward the cell anterior.

“When the anterior part is open, one may perceive about its Edges a very lively Motion; and when the Polyps presents itself in a certain manner, it discovers, on either side of these edges of its anterior part, somewhat very much resembling the wheels of a little Mill, that move with great velocity.”

A. Trembley F.R.S describing the membranellar band of Stentor, Phil. Soc. Trans. Royal Society (London), 1744.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 International license.
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Posted June 26, 2019.
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Reorganisation of complex ciliary flows around regenerating Stentor coeruleus
Kirsty Y. Wan, Sylvia K. Hürlimann, Aidan M. Fenix, Rebecca M. McGillivary, Tatyana Makushok, Evan Burns, Janet Y. Sheung, Wallace F. Marshall
bioRxiv 681908; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/681908
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Reorganisation of complex ciliary flows around regenerating Stentor coeruleus
Kirsty Y. Wan, Sylvia K. Hürlimann, Aidan M. Fenix, Rebecca M. McGillivary, Tatyana Makushok, Evan Burns, Janet Y. Sheung, Wallace F. Marshall
bioRxiv 681908; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/681908

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