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Movement patterns of free-roaming dogs on heterogeneous urban landscapes: implications for rabies control

Brinkley Raynor, Micaela De la Puente-León, Andrew Johnson, Elvis Díaz-Espinoza, Michael Z. Levy, Sergio E. Recuenco, Ricardo Castillo-Neyra
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/684381
Brinkley Raynor
1Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Micaela De la Puente-León
2Zoonotic Disease Research Lab, One Health Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Lima Province, Peru
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Andrew Johnson
3Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Elvis Díaz-Espinoza
2Zoonotic Disease Research Lab, One Health Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Lima Province, Peru
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Michael Z. Levy
1Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
2Zoonotic Disease Research Lab, One Health Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Lima Province, Peru
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Sergio E. Recuenco
4Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Facultad de Medicina San Fernando, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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Ricardo Castillo-Neyra
1Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
2Zoonotic Disease Research Lab, One Health Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Lima Province, Peru
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  • For correspondence: cricardo@upenn.edu
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Abstract

In 2015, a case of canine rabies in Arequipa, Peru indicated the re-emergence of rabies virus in the city. Despite mass dog vaccination campaigns across the city and reactive ring vaccination and other control activities around positive cases (e.g. elimination of unowned dogs), the outbreak has spread. Here we explore how the urban landscape of Arequipa affects the movement patterns of free-roaming dogs, the main reservoirs of the rabies virus in the area. We tracked 23 free-roaming dogs using Global Positioning System (GPS) collars. We analyzed the spatio-temporal GPS data using the time- local convex hull method. Dog movement patterns varied across local environments. We found that water channels, an urban feature of Arequipa that are dry most of the year, promote movement. Dogs that used the water channels move further, faster and more directionally than dogs that do not. Our findings suggest that water channels can be used by dogs as ‘highways’ to transverse the city and have the potential to spread disease far beyond the radius of control practices. Control efforts should focus on a robust vaccination campaign attuned to the geography of the city, and not limited to small-scale rings surrounding cases.

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Posted October 18, 2019.
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Movement patterns of free-roaming dogs on heterogeneous urban landscapes: implications for rabies control
Brinkley Raynor, Micaela De la Puente-León, Andrew Johnson, Elvis Díaz-Espinoza, Michael Z. Levy, Sergio E. Recuenco, Ricardo Castillo-Neyra
bioRxiv 684381; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/684381
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Movement patterns of free-roaming dogs on heterogeneous urban landscapes: implications for rabies control
Brinkley Raynor, Micaela De la Puente-León, Andrew Johnson, Elvis Díaz-Espinoza, Michael Z. Levy, Sergio E. Recuenco, Ricardo Castillo-Neyra
bioRxiv 684381; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/684381

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