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Emergence of the Ug99 lineage of the wheat stem rust pathogen through somatic hybridisation

Feng Li, Narayana M. Upadhyaya, Jana Sperschneider, Oadi Matny, Hoa Nguyen-Phuc, Rohit Mago, Castle Raley, Marisa E. Miller, Kevin A.T. Silverstein, Eva Henningsen, Cory D. Hirsch, Botma Visser, Zacharias A. Pretorius, Brian J. Steffenson, Benjamin Schwessinger, Peter N. Dodds, Melania Figueroa
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/692640
Feng Li
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Narayana M. Upadhyaya
2Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Jana Sperschneider
3Biological Data Science Institute, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Oadi Matny
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Hoa Nguyen-Phuc
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Rohit Mago
2Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Castle Raley
4Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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Marisa E. Miller
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Kevin A.T. Silverstein
5Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Eva Henningsen
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Cory D. Hirsch
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Botma Visser
6University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Zacharias A. Pretorius
6University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Brian J. Steffenson
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Benjamin Schwessinger
7Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Peter N. Dodds
2Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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  • For correspondence: melania.figueroa@csiro.au peter.dodds@csiro.au
Melania Figueroa
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
2Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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  • For correspondence: melania.figueroa@csiro.au peter.dodds@csiro.au
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Abstract

Parasexuality contributes to diversity and adaptive evolution of haploid (monokaryotic) fungi. However non-sexual genetic exchange mechanisms are not defined in dikaryotic fungi (containing two distinct haploid nuclei). Newly emerged strains of the wheat stem rust pathogen, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), such as Ug99, are a major threat to global food security. Here we show that Ug99 arose by somatic hybridisation and nuclear exchange between dikaryons. Fully haplotype-resolved genome assembly and DNA proximity analysis revealed that Ug99 shares one haploid nucleus genotype with a much older African lineage of Pgt, with no recombination or reassortment. Generation of genetic variation by nuclear exchange may favour the evolution of dikaryotism by providing an advantage over diploidy.

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Posted July 04, 2019.
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Emergence of the Ug99 lineage of the wheat stem rust pathogen through somatic hybridisation
Feng Li, Narayana M. Upadhyaya, Jana Sperschneider, Oadi Matny, Hoa Nguyen-Phuc, Rohit Mago, Castle Raley, Marisa E. Miller, Kevin A.T. Silverstein, Eva Henningsen, Cory D. Hirsch, Botma Visser, Zacharias A. Pretorius, Brian J. Steffenson, Benjamin Schwessinger, Peter N. Dodds, Melania Figueroa
bioRxiv 692640; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/692640
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Emergence of the Ug99 lineage of the wheat stem rust pathogen through somatic hybridisation
Feng Li, Narayana M. Upadhyaya, Jana Sperschneider, Oadi Matny, Hoa Nguyen-Phuc, Rohit Mago, Castle Raley, Marisa E. Miller, Kevin A.T. Silverstein, Eva Henningsen, Cory D. Hirsch, Botma Visser, Zacharias A. Pretorius, Brian J. Steffenson, Benjamin Schwessinger, Peter N. Dodds, Melania Figueroa
bioRxiv 692640; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/692640

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