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Adaptive evolution of nontransitive fitness in yeast

View ORCID ProfileSean W. Buskirk, Alecia B. Rokes, View ORCID ProfileGregory I. Lang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/700302
Sean W. Buskirk
1Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem PA 18015
2Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester PA 19383
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Alecia B. Rokes
1Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem PA 18015
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Gregory I. Lang
1Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem PA 18015
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  • For correspondence: glang@lehigh.edu
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Abstract

Nontransitivity – commonly illustrated by the rock-paper-scissors game – is well documented among extant species as a contributor to biodiversity. However, it is unclear if nontransitive interactions also arise by way of genealogical succession, and if so, through what mechanisms. Here we identify a nontransitive evolutionary sequence in the context of yeast experimental evolution in which a 1,000-generation evolved clone outcompetes a recent ancestor but loses in direct competition with a distant ancestor. We show that nontransitivity arises due to the combined forces of adaptation in the yeast nuclear genome and the stepwise deterioration of an intracellular virus. We show that, given the initial conditions of the experiment, this outcome likely to arise: nearly half of all populations experience multilevel selection, fixing adaptive mutations in both the nuclear and viral genomes. In contrast to conventional views of virus-host coevolution, we find no evidence that viral mutations (including loss of the virus) increase the fitness of the host. Instead, the evolutionary success of evolved viral variants results from their selective advantage over viral competitors within the context of individual cells. Our results provide the first mechanistic case-study of the adaptive evolution of nontransitivity, in which a series of adaptive replacements produce organisms that are less fit when compared to a distant genealogical ancestor.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • The text was expanded and improved for clarity.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted August 17, 2020.
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Adaptive evolution of nontransitive fitness in yeast
Sean W. Buskirk, Alecia B. Rokes, Gregory I. Lang
bioRxiv 700302; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/700302
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Adaptive evolution of nontransitive fitness in yeast
Sean W. Buskirk, Alecia B. Rokes, Gregory I. Lang
bioRxiv 700302; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/700302

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