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Urgency, Leakage, and the Relative Nature of Information Processing in Decision-making

Jennifer S. Trueblood, Andrew Heathcote, Nathan J. Evans, View ORCID ProfileWilliam R. Holmes
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/706291
Jennifer S. Trueblood
1Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University
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Andrew Heathcote
2Department of Psychology, University of Tasmania
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Nathan J. Evans
1Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University
3Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam
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William R. Holmes
4Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Mathematics Quantitative Systems Biology Center Vanderbilt University
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  • For correspondence: william.holmes@vanderbilt.edu
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Abstract

Over the last decade, there has been a robust debate in decision neuroscience and psychology about what mechanism governs the time course of decision making. Historically, the most prominent hypothesis is that neural architectures accumulate information over time until some threshold is met, the so-called Evidence Accumulation hypothesis. However, most applications of this theory rely on simplifying assumptions, belying a number of potential complexities. Is changing stimulus information perceived and processed in an independent manner or is there a relative component? Does urgency play a role? What about evidence leakage? Although the latter questions have been the subject of recent investigations, most studies to date have been piecemeal in nature, addressing one aspect of the decision process or another. Here we develop a modeling framework, an extension of the Urgency Gating Model, in conjunction with a changing information experimental paradigm to simultaneously probe these aspects of the decision process. Using state-of-the-art Bayesian methods to perform parameter-based inference, we find that 1) information processing is relative with early information influencing the perception of late information, 2) time varying urgency and evidence accumulation are of roughly equal importance in the decision process, and 3) leakage is present with a time scale of ~200-250ms. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study to utilize a changing information paradigm to jointly and quantitatively estimate the temporal dynamics of human decision-making.

Footnotes

  • WRH, JST, and NE were supported by NSF grant SES-1556325. AH was supported by ARC grant DP160101891. All authors contributed in a significant way to the manuscript and all authors approved the final manuscript.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 18, 2019.
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Urgency, Leakage, and the Relative Nature of Information Processing in Decision-making
Jennifer S. Trueblood, Andrew Heathcote, Nathan J. Evans, William R. Holmes
bioRxiv 706291; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/706291
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Urgency, Leakage, and the Relative Nature of Information Processing in Decision-making
Jennifer S. Trueblood, Andrew Heathcote, Nathan J. Evans, William R. Holmes
bioRxiv 706291; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/706291

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