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Myelin and nodal plasticity modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain

Carlie L Cullen, Renee E Pepper, Mackenzie T Clutterbuck, Kimberley A Pitman, Viola Oorschot, Loic Auderset, Alexander D Tang, Georg Ramm, Ben Emery, Jennifer Rodger, Renaud B Jolivet, View ORCID ProfileKaylene M Young
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/726760
Carlie L Cullen
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AUS
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Renee E Pepper
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AUS
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Mackenzie T Clutterbuck
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AUS
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Kimberley A Pitman
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AUS
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Viola Oorschot
2Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS
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Loic Auderset
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AUS
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Alexander D Tang
3Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, AUS
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Georg Ramm
2Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS
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Ben Emery
4Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Jennifer Rodger
3Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, AUS
5Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, Perth, AUS
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Renaud B Jolivet
6Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
7CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
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Kaylene M Young
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, AUS
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  • ORCID record for Kaylene M Young
  • For correspondence: kaylene.young@utas.edu.au
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Abstract

Myelination of central nervous system axons increases action potential conduction velocity and increases the speed of information transfer. However, it is unclear whether myelination optimizes action potential conduction to achieve synchronicity and facilitate information processing within cortical and associative circuits. Here we show that myelin sheaths remain plastic in the adult mouse and undergo subtle structural modifications to influence action potential conduction. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and spatial learning, two stimuli that modify neuronal activity, alter the length of the nodes of Ranvier and the size of the periaxonal space within active brain regions. This change in the axon-glial configuration, which is independent of oligodendrogenesis, tunes conduction velocity to increase the synchronicity of action potential conduction.

One Sentence Summary The activity-dependent modulation of nodes of Ranvier and the periaxonal space allows central conduction to be tuned to achieve synchronicity.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted August 06, 2019.
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Myelin and nodal plasticity modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain
Carlie L Cullen, Renee E Pepper, Mackenzie T Clutterbuck, Kimberley A Pitman, Viola Oorschot, Loic Auderset, Alexander D Tang, Georg Ramm, Ben Emery, Jennifer Rodger, Renaud B Jolivet, Kaylene M Young
bioRxiv 726760; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/726760
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Myelin and nodal plasticity modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain
Carlie L Cullen, Renee E Pepper, Mackenzie T Clutterbuck, Kimberley A Pitman, Viola Oorschot, Loic Auderset, Alexander D Tang, Georg Ramm, Ben Emery, Jennifer Rodger, Renaud B Jolivet, Kaylene M Young
bioRxiv 726760; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/726760

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