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The maize Hairy Sheath Frayed1 (Hsf1) mutant alters leaf patterning through increased cytokinin signaling

View ORCID ProfileMichael G. Muszynski, View ORCID ProfileLindsay Moss-Taylor, View ORCID ProfileSivanandan Chudalayandi, James Cahill, View ORCID ProfileAngel R. Del Valle-Echevarria, View ORCID ProfileIgnacio Alvarez, Abby Petefish, Nobue Makita, View ORCID ProfileHitoshi Sakakibara, View ORCID ProfileDmitry M. Krivosheev, View ORCID ProfileSergey N. Lomin, View ORCID ProfileGeorgy A. Romanov, Subbiah Thamotharan, Thao Dam, Bailin Li, View ORCID ProfileNorbert Brugière
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/743898
Michael G. Muszynski
Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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  • For correspondence: mgmuszyn@hawaii.edu
Lindsay Moss-Taylor
Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
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Sivanandan Chudalayandi
Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
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James Cahill
Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
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Angel R. Del Valle-Echevarria
Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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Ignacio Alvarez
Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames IA, 50011
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Abby Petefish
Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
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Nobue Makita
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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Hitoshi Sakakibara
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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  • ORCID record for Hitoshi Sakakibara
Dmitry M. Krivosheev
Institute of Plant Physiology; Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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  • ORCID record for Dmitry M. Krivosheev
Sergey N. Lomin
Institute of Plant Physiology; Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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Georgy A. Romanov
Institute of Plant Physiology; Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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Subbiah Thamotharan
School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University; Thanjavur, 613401, India
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Thao Dam
DuPont Crop Genetics, Wilmington, DE 19880
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Bailin Li
DuPont Crop Genetics, Wilmington, DE 19880
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Norbert Brugière
DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131
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  • ORCID record for Norbert Brugière
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ABSTRACT

Leaf morphogenesis requires growth polarized along three axes - proximal-distal, medial-lateral and abaxial-adaxial. Grass leaves display a prominent proximal-distal (P-D) polarity consisting of a proximal sheath separated from the distal blade by the auricle and ligule. Although proper specification of the four segments is essential for normal morphology, our knowledge is incomplete regarding the mechanisms which influence P-D specification in monocots like maize (Zea mays). Here we report the identification of the gene underlying the semi-dominant, leaf patterning, maize mutant Hairy Sheath Frayed1 (Hsf1). Hsf1 plants produce leaves with outgrowths consisting of proximal segments – sheath, auricle and ligule – emanating from the distal blade margin. Analysis of three independent Hsf1 alleles revealed gain-of-function missense mutations in the ligand binding domain of the maize cytokinin (CK) receptor Zea mays Histidine Kinase1 (ZmHK1) gene. Biochemical analysis and structural modeling suggest the mutated residues near the CK binding pocket affect CK binding affinity. Treatment of wild type seedlings with exogenous CK phenocopied the Hsf1 leaf phenotypes. Results from expression and epistatic analyses indicated the Hsf1 mutant receptor is expressed normally but appears hypersignaling. Our results demonstrate that hypersignaling of CK in incipient leaf primordia can reprogram developmental patterns in maize.

Summary Increased cytokinin signaling in the maize Hairy Sheath Frayed1 mutant modifies leaf development leading to changes in pattering, growth and cell identity.

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Posted August 22, 2019.
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The maize Hairy Sheath Frayed1 (Hsf1) mutant alters leaf patterning through increased cytokinin signaling
Michael G. Muszynski, Lindsay Moss-Taylor, Sivanandan Chudalayandi, James Cahill, Angel R. Del Valle-Echevarria, Ignacio Alvarez, Abby Petefish, Nobue Makita, Hitoshi Sakakibara, Dmitry M. Krivosheev, Sergey N. Lomin, Georgy A. Romanov, Subbiah Thamotharan, Thao Dam, Bailin Li, Norbert Brugière
bioRxiv 743898; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/743898
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The maize Hairy Sheath Frayed1 (Hsf1) mutant alters leaf patterning through increased cytokinin signaling
Michael G. Muszynski, Lindsay Moss-Taylor, Sivanandan Chudalayandi, James Cahill, Angel R. Del Valle-Echevarria, Ignacio Alvarez, Abby Petefish, Nobue Makita, Hitoshi Sakakibara, Dmitry M. Krivosheev, Sergey N. Lomin, Georgy A. Romanov, Subbiah Thamotharan, Thao Dam, Bailin Li, Norbert Brugière
bioRxiv 743898; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/743898

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