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Differential introgression reveals thermal adaptation and candidate genes shaping species boundaries in North American box turtles (Terrapene spp.)

Bradley T. Martin, Marlis R. Douglas, Tyler K. Chafin, John S. Placyk Jr., Roger D. Birkhead, Chris A. Phillips, Michael E. Douglas
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/752196
Bradley T. Martin
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA; Email: (BTM) btm002@email.uark.edu (send reprint requests to this address); (MRD): mrd1@uark.edu; (TKC): tkchafin@uark.edu; (MED): med1@uark.edu.
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  • For correspondence: btm002@email.uark.edu btm002@email.uark.edu mrd1@uark.edu tkchafin@uark.edu med1@uark.edu
Marlis R. Douglas
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA; Email: (BTM) btm002@email.uark.edu (send reprint requests to this address); (MRD): mrd1@uark.edu; (TKC): tkchafin@uark.edu; (MED): med1@uark.edu.
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Tyler K. Chafin
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA; Email: (BTM) btm002@email.uark.edu (send reprint requests to this address); (MRD): mrd1@uark.edu; (TKC): tkchafin@uark.edu; (MED): med1@uark.edu.
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John S. Placyk
Science Department, Robert E. Lee High School, Tyler, Texas, 75701, USA; Email: japlacyk@gmail.com
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  • For correspondence: japlacyk@gmail.com
Roger D. Birkhead
Alabama Science in Motion, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Email: birkhrd@auburn.edu
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  • For correspondence: birkhrd@auburn.edu
Chris A. Phillips
Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820; Email: caphilli@illinois.edu
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  • For correspondence: caphilli@illinois.edu
Michael E. Douglas
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA; Email: (BTM) btm002@email.uark.edu (send reprint requests to this address); (MRD): mrd1@uark.edu; (TKC): tkchafin@uark.edu; (MED): med1@uark.edu.
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  • For correspondence: btm002@email.uark.edu mrd1@uark.edu tkchafin@uark.edu med1@uark.edu
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ABSTRACT

Hybridization is differentially manifested across the genome, with observed introgression representing a balance between selection and migration. The capacity to quantify introgression and subsequently pinpoint the constituent genetic elements governing cross-species exchange has been promoted by the unprecedented resolution of contemporary sequencing technologies. Furthermore, the availability of annotated reference genomes has allowed genomic patterns to be associated with ecologically relevant phenotypes. We followed this pattern herein by harnessing genomic resources to decipher the role of selection in shaping hybrid zones at the interface of species-boundaries in North American box turtles (Terrapene). By so doing, we identified adaptive divergence in genes related to immune system function and intrinsic thermal adaptations. These, in turn, impact temperature-dependent sex determination and hypoxia tolerance. Their patterns were then contrasted among inter- and intra-specific hybrid zones that differed in a temporal and biogeographic context. Our results demonstrate that hybridization is broadly apparent in Terrapene, but with varying levels of divergence at loci that impinge upon thermal adaptation. These loci displayed signatures of adaptive introgression across intraspecific boundaries, and do so despite a genome-wide selective trend against intergrades. By contrast, interspecific comparisons at the same loci retained evidence of divergence. Importantly, adaptations that shape species-boundaries in Terrapene not only underscore climatic boundaries for these terrestrial ectotherms, but also bookmark their vulnerability to anthropogenic pressures.

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Posted September 04, 2019.
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Differential introgression reveals thermal adaptation and candidate genes shaping species boundaries in North American box turtles (Terrapene spp.)
Bradley T. Martin, Marlis R. Douglas, Tyler K. Chafin, John S. Placyk Jr., Roger D. Birkhead, Chris A. Phillips, Michael E. Douglas
bioRxiv 752196; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/752196
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Differential introgression reveals thermal adaptation and candidate genes shaping species boundaries in North American box turtles (Terrapene spp.)
Bradley T. Martin, Marlis R. Douglas, Tyler K. Chafin, John S. Placyk Jr., Roger D. Birkhead, Chris A. Phillips, Michael E. Douglas
bioRxiv 752196; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/752196

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