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Pharmacological or genetic targeting of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels can disrupt the planarian escape response

Ziad Sabry, Alicia Ho, View ORCID ProfileDanielle Ireland, Christina Rabeler, Olivier Cochet-Escartin, Eva-Maria S. Collins
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/753244
Ziad Sabry
1Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Alicia Ho
2Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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Danielle Ireland
1Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, United States of America
2Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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Christina Rabeler
1Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Olivier Cochet-Escartin
3Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
#aInstitut Lumière Matière, UMR5306, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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Eva-Maria S. Collins
1Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, United States of America
2Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
3Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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  • For correspondence: ecollin3@swarthmore.edu
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Abstract

In response to noxious stimuli, planarians cease their typical ciliary gliding and exhibit an oscillatory type of locomotion called scrunching. We have previously characterized the biomechanics of scrunching and shown that it is induced by specific stimuli, such as amputation, noxious heat, and extreme pH. Because these specific inducers are known to activate Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels in other systems, we hypothesized that TRP channels control scrunching. We found that chemicals known to activate TRPA1 (allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and hydrogen peroxide) and TRPV (capsaicin and anandamide) in other systems induce scrunching in the planarian species Dugesia japonica and, except for anandamide, in Schmidtea mediterranea. To confirm that these responses were specific to either TRPA1 or TRPV, respectively, we tried to block scrunching using selective TRPA1 or TRPV antagonists and RNA interference (RNAi) mediated knockdown. Unexpectedly, co-treatment with a mammalian TRPA1 antagonist, HC-030031, enhanced AITC-induced scrunching by decreasing the latency time, suggesting an agonistic relationship in planarians. We further confirmed that TRPA1 in both species is necessary for AITC-induced scrunching using RNAi. Conversely, while co-treatment of a mammalian TRPV antagonist, SB-366791, also enhanced capsaicin-induced reactions in D. japonica, combined knockdown of two previously identified D. japonica TRPV genes (DjTRPVa and DjTRPVb) did not inhibit capsaicin-induced scrunching. Surprisingly, RNAi of either DjTRPAa or DjTRPVa/DjTRPVb disrupted scrunching induced by the endocannabinoid and TRPV agonist, anandamide. Overall, our results show that although scrunching induction can involve different initial pathways for sensing stimuli, this behavior’s signature dynamical features are independent of the inducer, implying that scrunching is a stereotypical planarian escape behavior in response to various noxious stimuli that converge on a single downstream pathway. Understanding which aspects of nociception are conserved or not across different organisms can provide insight into the underlying regulatory mechanisms to better understand pain sensation.

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Posted September 03, 2019.
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Pharmacological or genetic targeting of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels can disrupt the planarian escape response
Ziad Sabry, Alicia Ho, Danielle Ireland, Christina Rabeler, Olivier Cochet-Escartin, Eva-Maria S. Collins
bioRxiv 753244; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/753244
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Pharmacological or genetic targeting of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels can disrupt the planarian escape response
Ziad Sabry, Alicia Ho, Danielle Ireland, Christina Rabeler, Olivier Cochet-Escartin, Eva-Maria S. Collins
bioRxiv 753244; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/753244

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