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Application of long-interval paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to motion-sensitive visual cortex does not lead to changes in motion perception

Olga Lucia Gamboa Arana, Alexandra Brito, Zachary Abzug, Tracy D’Arbeloff, Lysianne Beynel, Erik A. Wing, Moritz Dannhauer, Hannah Palmer, Susan A. Hilbig, Courtney A. Crowell, Rachel Donaldson, Roberto Cabeza, Simon W. Davis, Angel V. Peterchev, Marc A. Sommer, Lawrence G. Appelbaum
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766428
Olga Lucia Gamboa Arana
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Alexandra Brito
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Zachary Abzug
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University
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Tracy D’Arbeloff
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
3Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
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Lysianne Beynel
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Erik A. Wing
3Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
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Moritz Dannhauer
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Hannah Palmer
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Susan A. Hilbig
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Courtney A. Crowell
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Rachel Donaldson
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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Roberto Cabeza
3Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
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Simon W. Davis
4Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine
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Angel V. Peterchev
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University
5Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University
6Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine
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Marc A. Sommer
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University
3Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
7Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine
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Lawrence G. Appelbaum
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
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  • For correspondence: greg@duke.edu
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ABSTRACT

The perception of visual motion is dependent on a set of occipitotemporal regions which are readily accessible to neuromodulation. Previous studies using paired-pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (ppTMS) have provided evidence of the capacity of this type of protocols to modulate cognitive processes. To test whether such cortical modulation can be observed in the visual system, particularly during motion perception, ppTMS was applied to the occipital cortex using both scalp-based and meta-analytic targeting coordinates. In this within-subject, sham-controlled study, fifteen subjects completed two sessions in two consecutive weeks. On the first visit, subject-specific resting motor threshold (RMT) was determined and participants performed an adaptive motion discrimination task to determine individual motion sensitivity. During the second visit, subjects performed the same task with three individualized difficulty levels as two TMS pulses were delivered respectively −150 and −50 ms prior to motion stimulus onset at 120% RMT, under the logic that the cumulative inhibitory effect of these two pulses would alter motion sensitivity as measured by the individually calibrated task. The ppTMS was delivered at one of two locations: 3 cm dorsal and 5 cm lateral to inion (scalp-based coordinate), or at the site of peak activation for “motion” according to the NeuroSynth fMRI database (meta-analytic coordinate). Sham stimulation was delivered on one-third of trials and evenly between the two targets. Analyses showed no significant active-versus-sham effects of ppTMS when stimulation was delivered to the meta-analytic (p = 0.15) or scalp-based coordinates (p = 0.17), which were separated by 29 mm on average. Additionally, there was no was significant interaction between ppTMS at either location and task difficulty level (p = 0.12 and p = 0.33, respectively). These findings fail to support the hypothesis that long-interval ppTMS recruits inhibitory processes in motion-sensitive cortex, but must be considered within the limits of the current design choices.

HIGHLIGHTS

  • Long-interval paired-pulse TMS was applied to visual cortex during a motion task

  • The ppTMS was delivered according to scalp and meta-analytic coordinates, as well as sham

  • No effects of active-versus-sham stimulation were observed on motion task performance

Footnotes

  • Funding: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Brain Initiative Award Number RF1MH114253. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted September 12, 2019.
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Application of long-interval paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to motion-sensitive visual cortex does not lead to changes in motion perception
Olga Lucia Gamboa Arana, Alexandra Brito, Zachary Abzug, Tracy D’Arbeloff, Lysianne Beynel, Erik A. Wing, Moritz Dannhauer, Hannah Palmer, Susan A. Hilbig, Courtney A. Crowell, Rachel Donaldson, Roberto Cabeza, Simon W. Davis, Angel V. Peterchev, Marc A. Sommer, Lawrence G. Appelbaum
bioRxiv 766428; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766428
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Application of long-interval paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to motion-sensitive visual cortex does not lead to changes in motion perception
Olga Lucia Gamboa Arana, Alexandra Brito, Zachary Abzug, Tracy D’Arbeloff, Lysianne Beynel, Erik A. Wing, Moritz Dannhauer, Hannah Palmer, Susan A. Hilbig, Courtney A. Crowell, Rachel Donaldson, Roberto Cabeza, Simon W. Davis, Angel V. Peterchev, Marc A. Sommer, Lawrence G. Appelbaum
bioRxiv 766428; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766428

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