Skip to main content
bioRxiv
  • Home
  • About
  • Submit
  • ALERTS / RSS
Advanced Search
New Results

A diet-dependent enzyme from the human gut microbiome promotes Th17 cell accumulation and colitis

View ORCID ProfileMargaret Alexander, Qi Yan Ang, Renuka R. Nayak, Annamarie E. Bustion, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Katherine S. Pollard, View ORCID ProfilePeter J. Turnbaugh
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766899
Margaret Alexander
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Margaret Alexander
Qi Yan Ang
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Renuka R. Nayak
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
2Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Annamarie E. Bustion
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Vaibhav Upadhyay
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
3Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Katherine S. Pollard
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
4Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Peter J. Turnbaugh
1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
4Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Peter J. Turnbaugh
  • For correspondence: Peter.Turnbaugh@ucsf.edu
  • Abstract
  • Full Text
  • Info/History
  • Metrics
  • Supplementary material
  • Preview PDF
Loading

Abstract

Aberrant activation of Th17 cells by the gut microbiota contributes to autoimmunity; however, the mechanisms responsible and their diet-dependence remain unclear. Here, we show that the autoimmune disease-associated gut Actinobacterium Eggerthella lenta increases intestinal Th17 cells and worsens colitis in a Rorc-dependent and strain-variable manner. A single genomic locus predicted Th17 accumulation. A gene within this locus, encoding the Cgr2 enzyme, was sufficient to increase Th17 cells. Levels of cgr2 were increased in stool from patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared to healthy controls. Dietary arginine blocked E. lenta-induced Th17 cells and colitis. These results expand the mechanisms through which bacteria shape mucosal immunity and demonstrate the feasibility of dissecting the complex interactions between diet, the gut microbiota, and autoimmune disease.

One Sentence Summary An autoimmune disease-associated bacterium triggers disease due to a diet-dependent enzyme that regulates mucosal immunity.

Competing Interest Statement

P.J.T. is on the scientific advisory board for Kaleido, Pendulum, Seres, and SNIPRbiome. This work was partially supported by a research grant from MedImmune, Inc.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Back to top
PreviousNext
Posted July 24, 2020.
Download PDF

Supplementary Material

Email

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about bioRxiv.

NOTE: Your email address is requested solely to identify you as the sender of this article.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
A diet-dependent enzyme from the human gut microbiome promotes Th17 cell accumulation and colitis
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from bioRxiv
(Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from the bioRxiv website.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Share
A diet-dependent enzyme from the human gut microbiome promotes Th17 cell accumulation and colitis
Margaret Alexander, Qi Yan Ang, Renuka R. Nayak, Annamarie E. Bustion, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Katherine S. Pollard, Peter J. Turnbaugh
bioRxiv 766899; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766899
Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Google logo LinkedIn logo Mendeley logo
Citation Tools
A diet-dependent enzyme from the human gut microbiome promotes Th17 cell accumulation and colitis
Margaret Alexander, Qi Yan Ang, Renuka R. Nayak, Annamarie E. Bustion, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Katherine S. Pollard, Peter J. Turnbaugh
bioRxiv 766899; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766899

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Subject Area

  • Immunology
Subject Areas
All Articles
  • Animal Behavior and Cognition (3701)
  • Biochemistry (7820)
  • Bioengineering (5695)
  • Bioinformatics (21343)
  • Biophysics (10603)
  • Cancer Biology (8206)
  • Cell Biology (11974)
  • Clinical Trials (138)
  • Developmental Biology (6786)
  • Ecology (10425)
  • Epidemiology (2065)
  • Evolutionary Biology (13908)
  • Genetics (9731)
  • Genomics (13109)
  • Immunology (8171)
  • Microbiology (20064)
  • Molecular Biology (7875)
  • Neuroscience (43171)
  • Paleontology (321)
  • Pathology (1282)
  • Pharmacology and Toxicology (2267)
  • Physiology (3363)
  • Plant Biology (7254)
  • Scientific Communication and Education (1316)
  • Synthetic Biology (2012)
  • Systems Biology (5550)
  • Zoology (1133)