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Heterogeneous genetic invasions of three insecticide resistance mutations in Indo-Pacific populations of Aedes aegypti (L.)

View ORCID ProfileNancy M. Endersby-Harshman, View ORCID ProfileThomas L. Schmidt, View ORCID ProfileJessica Chung, Anthony van Rooyen, View ORCID ProfileAndrew R. Weeks, View ORCID ProfileAry A. Hoffmann
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/768549
Nancy M. Endersby-Harshman
1Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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  • For correspondence: nancye@unimelb.edu.au
Thomas L. Schmidt
1Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Jessica Chung
1Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Anthony van Rooyen
2cesar Pty Ltd, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia
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Andrew R. Weeks
1Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
2cesar Pty Ltd, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia
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Ary A. Hoffmann
1Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Abstract

Nations throughout the Indo-Pacific region use pyrethroid insecticides to control Aedes aegypti, the mosquito vector of dengue, often without knowledge of pyrethroid resistance status of the pest or origin of resistance. Two mutations (V1016G + F1534C) in the sodium channel gene (Vssc) of Ae. aegypti modify ion channel function and cause target-site resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, with a third mutation (S989P) having a potential additive effect. Of 27 possible genotypes involving these mutations, some allelic combinations are never seen while others predominate. Here, five allelic combinations common in Ae. aegypti from the Indo-Pacific region are described and their geographical distributions investigated using genome-wide SNP markers. We tested the hypothesis that resistance allele combinations evolved de novo in populations, versus the alternative that dispersal of Ae. aegypti between populations facilitated genetic invasions of allele combinations. We used latent factor mixed-models to detect SNPs throughout the genome that showed structuring in line with resistance allele combinations and compared variation at SNPs within the Vssc gene with genome-wide variation. Mixed-models detected an array of SNPs linked to resistance allele combinations, all located within or in close proximity to the Vssc gene. Variation at SNPs within the Vssc gene was structured by resistance profile, while genome-wide SNPs were structured by population. These results demonstrate that alleles near to resistance mutations have been transferred between populations via linked selection. This indicates that genetic invasions have contributed to the widespread occurrence of Vssc allele combinations in Ae. aegypti in the Indo-Pacific region, pointing to undocumented mosquito invasions between countries.

Footnotes

  • A revised version of the manuscript with updated analyses, figures and discussion.

  • https://trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/sra/sra.cgi?study=SRP250624

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted March 18, 2020.
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Heterogeneous genetic invasions of three insecticide resistance mutations in Indo-Pacific populations of Aedes aegypti (L.)
Nancy M. Endersby-Harshman, Thomas L. Schmidt, Jessica Chung, Anthony van Rooyen, Andrew R. Weeks, Ary A. Hoffmann
bioRxiv 768549; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/768549
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Heterogeneous genetic invasions of three insecticide resistance mutations in Indo-Pacific populations of Aedes aegypti (L.)
Nancy M. Endersby-Harshman, Thomas L. Schmidt, Jessica Chung, Anthony van Rooyen, Andrew R. Weeks, Ary A. Hoffmann
bioRxiv 768549; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/768549

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