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From sectors to speckles: The impact of long-range migration on gene surfing

View ORCID ProfileJayson Paulose, Oskar Hallatschek
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/803189
Jayson Paulose
1Institute for Fundamental Science and Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403
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  • For correspondence: jpaulose@uoregon.edu
Oskar Hallatschek
2Departments of Physics and Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
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Abstract

Range expansions lead to distinctive patterns of genetic variation in populations, even in the absence of selection. These patterns and their genetic consequences have been well-studied for populations advancing through successive short-ranged migration events. However, most populations harbor some degree of long-range dispersal, experiencing rare yet consequential migration events over arbitrarily long distances. Although dispersal is known to strongly affect spatial genetic structure during range expansions, the resulting patterns and their impact on neutral diversity remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically study the consequences of long-range dispersal on patterns of neutral variation during range expansion in a class of dispersal models which spans the extremes of local (effectively short-ranged) and global (effectively well-mixed) migration. We find that sufficiently long-ranged dispersal leaves behind a mosaic of monoallelic patches, whose number and size are highly sensitive to the distribution of dispersal distances. We develop a coarse-grained model which connects statistical features of these spatial patterns to the evolution of neutral diversity during the range expansion. We show that growth mechanisms that appear qualitatively similar can engender vastly different outcomes for diversity: depending on the tail of the dispersal distance distribution, diversity can either be preserved (i.e. many variants survive) or lost (i.e. one variant dominates) at long times. Our results highlight the impact of spatial and migratory structure on genetic variation during processes as varied as range expansions, species invasions, epidemics, and the spread of beneficial mutations in established populations.

Footnotes

  • Introduction revised; references added; Discussion expanded; Figures 1 and 2 updated; new Appendix section C added with two new supplementary figures (A5 and A6) showing robustness of results to model variations.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 31, 2020.
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From sectors to speckles: The impact of long-range migration on gene surfing
Jayson Paulose, Oskar Hallatschek
bioRxiv 803189; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/803189
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From sectors to speckles: The impact of long-range migration on gene surfing
Jayson Paulose, Oskar Hallatschek
bioRxiv 803189; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/803189

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