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Integrating multiple dimensions of biodiversity to inform global parrot conservation

View ORCID ProfileKevin R. Burgio, View ORCID ProfileKatie E. Davis, View ORCID ProfileLindsay M. Dreiss, Laura M. Cisneros, View ORCID ProfileBrian T. Klingbeil, Steven J. Presley, View ORCID ProfileMichael R. Willig
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/812321
Kevin R. Burgio
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut; 75 N. Eagleville Rd. U-3043, Storrs, CT, 06269
2Education Department, Cary Institute for Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, 12545
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  • For correspondence: kevin.burgio@uconn.edu
Katie E. Davis
3Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Lindsay M. Dreiss
4Center for Conservation Innovation, Defenders of Wildlife, 1130 17th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036
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Laura M. Cisneros
5Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
6Institute of the Environment, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT, 06269
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Brian T. Klingbeil
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut; 75 N. Eagleville Rd. U-3043, Storrs, CT, 06269
7Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT, 06269
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Steven J. Presley
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut; 75 N. Eagleville Rd. U-3043, Storrs, CT, 06269
6Institute of the Environment, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT, 06269
7Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT, 06269
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Michael R. Willig
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut; 75 N. Eagleville Rd. U-3043, Storrs, CT, 06269
6Institute of the Environment, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT, 06269
7Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT, 06269
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ABSTRACT

Because biodiversity is increasingly threatened by habitat destruction and climate change, conservation agencies face challenges associated with an uncertain future. In addition to changes associated with climate and land use, parrots are threatened by hunting and capture for the pet trade, making them the most at-risk order of birds in the world. Parrots provide key ecosystem services, but remain understudied compared to other major bird orders despite their high extinction risk and ecological importance. Species richness is often used to identify high priority areas for conserving biodiversity. By definition, richness considers all species to be equally different. However, ongoing research emphasizes the importance of incorporating ecological functions (functional diversity) or evolutionary relationships (phylogenetic diversity) to more fully understand patterns of biodiversity, suggesting that using functional and phylogenetic information could improve conservation strategies. These distinctions among dimensions of biodiversity are important, because (1) areas of high species richness do not always represent areas of high functional or phylogenetic diversity, and (2) functional or phylogenetic diversity may better predict ecosystem function and evolutionary potential, which are essential for effective long-term conservation policy and management.

Our objective was to create a framework for identifying areas of high species richness, functional diversity, and phylogenetic diversity within the global distribution of parrots We combined species richness, functional diversity, and phylogenetic diversity into an Integrated Biodiversity Index (IBI) to identify global biodiversity hotspots for parrots. We found important spatial mismatches among dimensions, which demonstrate that species richness is not always an effective proxy for other dimensions of parrot biodiversity. The IBI is an integrative and flexible index that can incorporate multiple dimensions of biodiversity, resulting in an intuitive and more direct way of assessing comprehensive goals in conservation planning (i.e., healthy ecosystem functioning and climate change resilience).

Footnotes

  • https://figshare.com/s/6cdf8cf00793deab7ba6

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Posted October 21, 2019.
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Integrating multiple dimensions of biodiversity to inform global parrot conservation
Kevin R. Burgio, Katie E. Davis, Lindsay M. Dreiss, Laura M. Cisneros, Brian T. Klingbeil, Steven J. Presley, Michael R. Willig
bioRxiv 812321; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/812321
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Integrating multiple dimensions of biodiversity to inform global parrot conservation
Kevin R. Burgio, Katie E. Davis, Lindsay M. Dreiss, Laura M. Cisneros, Brian T. Klingbeil, Steven J. Presley, Michael R. Willig
bioRxiv 812321; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/812321

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