Identification of drug modifiers for RYR1 related myopathy using a multi-species discovery pipeline

Abstract

Ryanodine receptor type I-related myopathies (RYR1-RMs) represent the largest group of non-dystrophic myopathies. RYR1-RMs are associated with severe disabilities and early mortality; despite these facts, there are currently no available treatments. The goal of this study was to identify new therapeutic targets for RYR1-RMs. To accomplish this, we developed a novel discovery pipeline using nematode, zebrafish, and mammalian cell models of the disease. We first performed large-scale drug screens in C. elegans and zebrafish. 74 positive hits were identified in C. elegans, while none were uncovered in the zebrafish. Targeted testing of these hits in zebrafish yielded positive results for two compounds. We examined these compounds using newly created Ryr1 knockout C2C12 cells, and found that p38 inhibition impaired caffeine-induced Ca²⁺ release. Lastly, we tested one p38 inhibitor in myotubes from Ryr1^Y524S/+ (YS) mice, and demonstrated that it blunts the aberrant temperature-dependent increase in resting Ca²⁺ in these cells. In all, we developed a unique platform for RYR1-RM therapy development that is potentially applicable to a broad range of neuromuscular disorders.