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Climatic niche predicts the landscape structure of locally adaptive standing genetic variation

View ORCID ProfileVikram E. Chhatre, View ORCID ProfileKarl C. Fetter, View ORCID ProfileAndrew V. Gougherty, View ORCID ProfileMatthew C. Fitzpatrick, View ORCID ProfileRaju Y. Soolanayakanahally, Ronald S. Zalesny Jr., View ORCID ProfileStephen R. Keller
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/817411
Vikram E. Chhatre
1Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
2Wyoming INBRE Bioinformatics Core, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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Karl C. Fetter
1Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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Andrew V. Gougherty
3University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD 21532, USA
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Matthew C. Fitzpatrick
3University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD 21532, USA
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Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally
4Indian Head Research Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Indian Head, SK S0G 2K0, Canada
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Ronald S. Zalesny Jr.
5USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501, USA
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Stephen R. Keller
1Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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  • For correspondence: srkeller@uvm.edu
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Abstract

Within a species’ range, intraspecific diversity in the form of adaptive standing genetic variation (SGV) may be non-randomly clustered into different geographic regions, reflecting the combined effects of historical range movements and spatially-varying natural selection. As a consequence of a patchy distribution of adaptive SGV, populations in different parts of the range are likely to vary in their capacity to respond to changing selection pressures, especially long-lived sessile organisms like forest trees. However, the spatial distribution of adaptive SGV across the landscape is rarely considered when predicting species responses to environmental change. Here, we use a landscape genomics approach to estimate the distribution of adaptive SGV along spatial gradients reflecting the expansion history and contemporary climatic niche of balsam poplar, Populus balsamifera (Salicaceae), a widely distributed forest tree with a transcontinental distribution in North America. By scanning the genome for signatures of spatially varying local adaptation, we estimated how adaptive SGV has been shaped by geographic distance from the rear range edge (expansion history) versus proximity to the current center of the climatic niche (environmental selection). We found that adaptive SGV was strongly structured by the current climatic niche, with surprisingly little importance attributable to historical effects such as migration out of southern refugia. As expected, the effect of the climatic niche on SGV was strong for genes whose expression is responsive to abiotic stress (drought), although genes upregulated under biotic (wounding) stress also contained SGV that followed climatic and latitudinal gradients. The latter result could reflect parallel selection pressures, or co-regulation of functional pathways involved in both abiotic and biotic stress responses. Our study in balsam poplar suggests that clustering of locally adaptive SGV within ranges primarily reflects spatial proximity within the contemporary climatic niche – an important consideration for the design of effective strategies for biodiversity conservation and avoidance of maladaptation under climate change.

Footnotes

  • https://github.com/stephenrkeller/Pbalsamifera_SGV

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/306143

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted October 24, 2019.
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Climatic niche predicts the landscape structure of locally adaptive standing genetic variation
Vikram E. Chhatre, Karl C. Fetter, Andrew V. Gougherty, Matthew C. Fitzpatrick, Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally, Ronald S. Zalesny Jr., Stephen R. Keller
bioRxiv 817411; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/817411
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Climatic niche predicts the landscape structure of locally adaptive standing genetic variation
Vikram E. Chhatre, Karl C. Fetter, Andrew V. Gougherty, Matthew C. Fitzpatrick, Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally, Ronald S. Zalesny Jr., Stephen R. Keller
bioRxiv 817411; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/817411

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