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A genomic dating tool for ancient genomes resolves the origins of hundreds of Eurasian genomes

U. Esposito, G. Holland, G. Alshehab, A. M. Dobre, View ORCID ProfileM. Pirooznia, C. S. Brimacombe, E. Elhaik
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/828962
U. Esposito
1University of Sheffield, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Sheffield, UK
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  • For correspondence: eran_elhaik@biol.lu.se
G. Holland
1University of Sheffield, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Sheffield, UK
2Independent investigator, Cambridge, UK
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G. Alshehab
3University of Sheffield, Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, Sheffield, UK
4OSIsoft Technologies Middle East S.P.C., Almoayyed Tower, Al Seef District, Area 428, Bahrain
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A. M. Dobre
1University of Sheffield, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Sheffield, UK
5Independent investigator, Berkhamsted, UK
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M. Pirooznia
6National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), US
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  • ORCID record for M. Pirooznia
C. S. Brimacombe
1University of Sheffield, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Sheffield, UK
7University of Bristol, School of Arts, Bristol, UK
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E. Elhaik
1University of Sheffield, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Sheffield, UK
8Lund University, Department of Biology, Lund, Sweden
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  • For correspondence: eran_elhaik@biol.lu.se
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Abstract

Radiocarbon dating is the gold-standard in archaeology to estimate the age of skeletons, a key to studying their origins. Half of all published ancient human genomes lack reliable and direct dates, which results in obscure and contradictory reports. We developed Temporal Population Structure (TPS), the first DNA-based dating method for ancient genomes ranging from the Upper Palaeolithic to modern-day samples and applied it to all 961 ancient Eurasians. We show that TPS predictions for radiocarbon-dated skeletons align with their known dates and correctly account for kin relationships. The TPS-dating of 359 poorly dated Eurasian samples resolves conflicts and sheds new light on disputed findings as illustrated by five test cases. We discuss the phenotypic traits of the Time Informative Markers (TIMs) that underlie TPS.

Summary TPS is a novel method to date humans from the Upper Palaeolithic to modern time from their DNA sequences.

Footnotes

  • https://github.com/UEsposito/TPSpaper

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 02, 2019.
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A genomic dating tool for ancient genomes resolves the origins of hundreds of Eurasian genomes
U. Esposito, G. Holland, G. Alshehab, A. M. Dobre, M. Pirooznia, C. S. Brimacombe, E. Elhaik
bioRxiv 828962; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/828962
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A genomic dating tool for ancient genomes resolves the origins of hundreds of Eurasian genomes
U. Esposito, G. Holland, G. Alshehab, A. M. Dobre, M. Pirooznia, C. S. Brimacombe, E. Elhaik
bioRxiv 828962; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/828962

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