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A high-fat/high-protein, Atkins-type diet exacerbates Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection in mice, whereas a high-carbohydrate diet protects

Chrisabelle C. Mefferd, Shrikant S. Bhute, Jacqueline R. Phan, Jacob V. Villarama, Dung M. Do, Stephanie Alarcia, Ernesto Abel-Santos, View ORCID ProfileBrian P. Hedlund
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/834903
Chrisabelle C. Mefferd
1School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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Shrikant S. Bhute
1School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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Jacqueline R. Phan
2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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Jacob V. Villarama
1School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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Dung M. Do
2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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Stephanie Alarcia
1School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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Ernesto Abel-Santos
2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
3Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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  • For correspondence: Ernesto.abelsantos@unlv.edu brian.hedlund@unlv.edu
Brian P. Hedlund
1School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
3Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154
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  • ORCID record for Brian P. Hedlund
  • For correspondence: Ernesto.abelsantos@unlv.edu brian.hedlund@unlv.edu
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Abstract

Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) infection (CDI) can result from the disruption of the resident gut microbiota. Western diets and popular weight-loss diets drive large changes in the gut microbiome; however, the literature is conflicted with regard to the effect of diet on CDI. Using the hypervirulent strain C. difficile R20291 (RT027) in a mouse model of antibiotic-induced CDI, we assessed disease outcome and microbial community dynamics in mice fed two high-fat diets in comparison with a high-carbohydrate diet and a standard rodent diet. The two high-fat diets exacerbated CDI, with a high-fat/high-protein, Atkins-like diet leading to severe CDI and 100% mortality, and a high-fat/low-protein, medium-chain triglyceride (MCT)-like diet inducing highly variable CDI outcomes. In contrast, mice fed a high-carbohydrate diet were protected from CDI, despite high refined carbohydrate and low fiber content. 28 members of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae decreased in abundance due to diet and/or antibiotic treatment; these organisms may compete with C. difficile for amino acids and protect healthy animals from CDI in the absence of antibiotics. Together, these data suggest that antibiotic treatment might lead to loss of C. difficile competitors and create a favorable environment for C. difficile proliferation and virulence that is intensified by high-fat/high-protein diets; in contrast, high-carbohydrate diets might be protective regardless of the source of carbohydrate.

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Posted November 08, 2019.
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A high-fat/high-protein, Atkins-type diet exacerbates Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection in mice, whereas a high-carbohydrate diet protects
Chrisabelle C. Mefferd, Shrikant S. Bhute, Jacqueline R. Phan, Jacob V. Villarama, Dung M. Do, Stephanie Alarcia, Ernesto Abel-Santos, Brian P. Hedlund
bioRxiv 834903; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/834903
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A high-fat/high-protein, Atkins-type diet exacerbates Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection in mice, whereas a high-carbohydrate diet protects
Chrisabelle C. Mefferd, Shrikant S. Bhute, Jacqueline R. Phan, Jacob V. Villarama, Dung M. Do, Stephanie Alarcia, Ernesto Abel-Santos, Brian P. Hedlund
bioRxiv 834903; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/834903

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