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Phenotypic and physiological responses to salt exposure in Sorghum reveal diversity among domesticated landraces

View ORCID ProfileAshley N. Henderson, Philip M. Crim, Jonathan R. Cumming, Jennifer S. Hawkins
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/848028
Ashley N. Henderson
1West Virginia University, Department of Biology, Morgantown, WV 26505
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  • For correspondence: ahende11@mix.wvu.edu
Philip M. Crim
1West Virginia University, Department of Biology, Morgantown, WV 26505
2The College of Saint Rose, Department of Biology, Albany, NY 12203
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Jonathan R. Cumming
1West Virginia University, Department of Biology, Morgantown, WV 26505
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Jennifer S. Hawkins
1West Virginia University, Department of Biology, Morgantown, WV 26505
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ABSTRACT

Soil salinity negatively impacts plant function, development, and yield. Sorghum bicolor is a staple crop known to be drought tolerant, to have adapted to a variety of conditions, and to contain significant standing genetic diversity, making it an exemplary species to study phenotypic and physiological variation in salinity tolerance. In our study, a diverse group of sorghum landraces and accessions was first rank-ordered for salinity tolerance and then individuals spanning a wide range of response were analyzed for foliar proline and ion accumulation. We found that, while proline is often a good indicator of osmotic adjustment and is historically associated with increased salt tolerance, proline accumulation in sorghum reflects stress-response injury rather than acclimation. When combining ion profiles with growth responses and stress tolerance indices, the variation observed in tolerance was similarly not a sole result of Na+ accumulation, but rather reflected accession-specific mechanisms that may integrate these and other metabolic responses. When we compared variation in tolerance to phylogenetic relationships, we conclude that the most parsimonious explanation for the variation observed among accessions is that salinity tolerance was acquired early during domestication and was subsequently maintained or lost in diverged lineages during improvement in areas that vary in soil salinity.

Footnotes

  • Co-authors can be contacted via the following: Philip M. Crim crimp{at}mail.strose.edu, Dr. Jonathan R. Cumming jcumming{at}wvu.edu, Dr. Jennifer S. Hawkins jennifer.hawkins{at}mail.wvu.edu

  • Abbreviations
    RDPB
    relative decrease in plant biomass
    ST
    stress tolerance
    STI
    stress tolerance index
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    Posted November 20, 2019.
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    Phenotypic and physiological responses to salt exposure in Sorghum reveal diversity among domesticated landraces
    Ashley N. Henderson, Philip M. Crim, Jonathan R. Cumming, Jennifer S. Hawkins
    bioRxiv 848028; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/848028
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    Phenotypic and physiological responses to salt exposure in Sorghum reveal diversity among domesticated landraces
    Ashley N. Henderson, Philip M. Crim, Jonathan R. Cumming, Jennifer S. Hawkins
    bioRxiv 848028; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/848028

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