PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Defne Bayik
AU  - Adam J. Lauko
AU  - Gustavo A. Roversi
AU  - Emily Serbinowski
AU  - Lou-Anne Acevedo-Moreno
AU  - Christopher Lanigan
AU  - Mushfig Orujov
AU  - Alice Lo
AU  - Tyler J. Alban
AU  - Daniel J. Silver
AU  - J. Mark Brown
AU  - Daniela S. Allende
AU  - Federico N. Aucejo
AU  - Justin D. Lathia
TI  - Cholangiocarcinoma presents a distinct myeloid-derived suppressor cell signature compared to other hepatobiliary cancers
AID  - 10.1101/554600
DP  - 2019 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 554600
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/12/11/554600.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/12/11/554600.full
AB  - Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immunosuppressive cells that are increased in patients with numerous malignancies including viral-derived hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we report an elevation of MDSC in other hepatobiliary malignancies including non-viral HCC, neuroendocrine tumors (NET), colorectal carcinoma with liver metastases (CRLM), but not cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Investigation of myeloid cell infiltration in HCC, NET and intrahepatic CCA tumors further established that the frequency of antigen-presenting cells was limited compared to benign lesions suggesting that primary and metastatic hepatobiliary cancers have distinct peripheral and tumoral myeloid signatures. Bioinformatics analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas demonstrated that a high MDSC score in HCC patients predicted poor disease outcome. Mechanistic studies indicated that the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate resulting from isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation could be a limiting factor of MDSC accumulation in CCA patients. Given our observation that MDSCs are increased in non-CCA malignant liver cancers, they may comprise suitable targets for effective immunotherapy approaches.AFPAlpha-fetoproteinαKGαAlpha-ketoglutarateASTAspartate aminotransferaseALTAlanine transaminaseAPCAntigen-presenting cellsCCACholangiocarcinomaCEACarcinoembryonic antigenCRLMColorectal liver metastasesD2HGD-2-HydroxyglutarateDCDendritic cellgMDSCGranulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cellsHCCHepatocellular carcinomaMDSCMyeloid-derived suppressor cellsmMDSCMonocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cellsNETNeuroendocrine tumorPBMCPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsTCGAThe Cancer Genome AtlasTregT regulatory cellsWBCWhite blood cells