PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Martin Kapun
AU  - Maite G. Barrón
AU  - Fabian Staubach
AU  - Jorge Vieira
AU  - Darren J. Obbard
AU  - Clément Goubert
AU  - Omar Rota-Stabelli
AU  - Maaria Kankare
AU  - Annabelle Haudry
AU  - R. Axel W. Wiberg
AU  - Lena Waidele
AU  - Iryna Kozeretska
AU  - Elena G. Pasyukova
AU  - Volker Loeschcke
AU  - Marta Pascual
AU  - Cristina P. Vieira
AU  - Svitlana Serga
AU  - Catherine Montchamp-Moreau
AU  - Jessica Abbott
AU  - Patricia Gibert
AU  - Damiano Porcelli
AU  - Nico Posnien
AU  - Sonja Grath
AU  - Élio Sucena
AU  - Alan O. Bergland
AU  - Maria Pilar Garcia Guerreiro
AU  - Banu Sebnem Onder
AU  - Eliza Argyridou
AU  - Lain Guio
AU  - Mads Fristrup Schou
AU  - Bart Deplancke
AU  - Cristina Vieira
AU  - Michael G. Ritchie
AU  - Bas J. Zwaan
AU  - Eran Tauber
AU  - Dorcas J. Orengo
AU  - Eva Puerma
AU  - Montserrat Aguadé
AU  - Paul S. Schmidt
AU  - John Parsch
AU  - Andrea J. Betancourt
AU  - Thomas Flatt
AU  - Josefa González
TI  - Genomic analysis of European Drosophila populations reveals longitudinal structure and continent-wide selection
AID  - 10.1101/313759
DP  - 2018 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 313759
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/06/04/313759.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/06/04/313759.full
AB  - Genetic variation is the fuel of evolution. However, analyzing evolutionary dynamics in natural populations is challenging, sequencing of entire populations remains costly and comprehensive sampling logistically difficult. To tackle this issue and to define relevant spatial and temporal scales of variation, we have founded the European Drosophila Population Genomics Consortium (DrosEU). Here we present the first analysis of 48 D. melanogaster population samples collected across Europe in 2014. Our analysis uncovers novel patterns of variation at multiple levels: genome-wide neutral SNPs, mtDNA haplotypes, inversions, and TEs showing previously cryptic longitudinal population structure; signatures of selective sweeps shared among populations; presumably adaptive clines in inversions; and geographic variation in TEs. Additionally, we document highly variable microbiota and identify several new Drosophila viruses. Our study reveals novel aspects of the population biology of D. melanogaster and illustrates the power of extensive sampling and pooled sequencing of populations on a continent-wide scale.