RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Analysis of task-based functional MRI data preprocessed with fMRIPrep JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 694364 DO 10.1101/694364 A1 Oscar Esteban A1 Rastko Ciric A1 Karolina Finc A1 Ross Blair A1 Christopher J. Markiewicz A1 Craig A. Moodie A1 James D. Kent A1 Mathias Goncalves A1 Elizabeth DuPre A1 Daniel E. P. Gomez A1 Zhifang Ye A1 Taylor Salo A1 Romain Valabregue A1 Inge K. Amlien A1 Franziskus Liem A1 Nir Jacoby A1 Hrvoje Stojić A1 Matthew Cieslak A1 Sebastian Urchs A1 Yaroslav O. Halchenko A1 Satrajit S. Ghosh A1 Alejandro De La Vega A1 Tal Yarkoni A1 Jessey Wright A1 William H. Thompson A1 Russell A. Poldrack A1 Krzysztof J. Gorgolewski YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/01/05/694364.abstract AB Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a standard tool to investigate the neural correlates of cognition. fMRI noninvasively measures brain activity, allowing identification of patterns evoked by tasks performed during scanning. Despite the long history of this technique, the idiosyncrasies of each dataset have led to the use of ad-hoc preprocessing protocols customized for nearly every different study. This approach is time-consuming, error-prone, and unsuitable for combining datasets from many sources. Here we showcase fMRIPrep (http://fmriprep.org), a robust tool to prepare human fMRI data for statistical analysis. This software instrument addresses the reproducibility concerns of the established protocols for fMRI preprocessing. By leveraging the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) to standardize both the input datasets —MRI data as stored by the scanner— and the outputs —data ready for modeling and analysis—, fMRIPrep is capable of preprocessing a diversity of datasets without manual intervention. In support of the growing popularity of fMRIPrep, this protocol describes how to integrate the tool in a task-based fMRI investigation workflow.