RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Semecarpus anacardium Linn. leaf extract exhibits activities against breast cancer and prolongs the survival of tumor bearing mice JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.01.08.898940 DO 10.1101/2020.01.08.898940 A1 Rajesh Kumar Singh A1 Amit Ranjan A1 Ruchita Tripathi A1 Sumit Singh Verma A1 Vinamra Sharma A1 Monika Singh A1 Subash Chandra Gupta A1 Anil Kumar Singh A1 Santosh Kumar Singh YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/01/09/2020.01.08.898940.abstract AB Background Semecarpus anacardium Linn. is a commonly used Ayurvedic medicinal plant. Their different parts including nuts, have various medicinal properties to treat clinical ailments such as vitiligo, inflamation, microbial infection, geriatric problem, baldness and neuro-related problems.Aim of the study The main objective of this study was an evaluation of the anticancer activity of the leaves of Semecarpus anacardium Linn and phytochemical screening.Materials and methods The phytochemical screening was carried out through GC-MS analysis. Cytotoxicity was examined using MTT assay whereas mode of cell death evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Finally, antitumor activity was determined in EAC cell-induced tumor-bearing mice.Results The ethyl acetate extract induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells in a dose dependent manner (IC50: 0.57 µg/ml in MCF-7 cells) in different cancer cell lines. However, normal cell were relatively insensitive to the extract. Fluorescence microscopy results, confirmed that the extract induced apoptosis in cancer cells effectively. The extract induce cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and suppressed cancer cell migration. An oral administration of the extract suppressed the tumor growth in the mice model bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Whereas, the ethyl acetate extract was also found to prolong the survival of tumor-bearing mice.Conclusion Overall, these observations suggest the anticancer activities of the ethyl acetate extract of S. anacardium leaves. The study opens a new window to examine the phytochemical constituents from the leaves as a source for the anticancer compounds.