RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Domestication reprogrammed the budding yeast life cycle
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.02.08.939314
DO 10.1101/2020.02.08.939314
A1 Matteo De Chiara
A1 Benjamin Barré
A1 Karl Persson
A1 Amadi Onyetuga Chioma
A1 Agurtzane Irizar
A1 Joseph Schacherer
A1 Jonas Warringer
A1 Gianni Liti
YR 2020
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/02/13/2020.02.08.939314.abstract
AB Domestication of plants and animals is the foundation for feeding the world population. We report that domestication of the model yeast S. cerevisiae reprogrammed its life cycle entirely. We tracked growth, gamete formation and cell survival across many environments for nearly 1000 genome sequenced isolates and found a remarkable dichotomy between domesticated and wild yeasts. Wild yeasts near uniformly trigger meiosis and sporulate when encountering nutrient depletions, whereas domestication relaxed selection on sexual reproduction and favoured survival as quiescent cells. Domestication also systematically enhanced fermentative over respiratory traits while decreasing stress tolerance. We show that this yeast domestication syndrome was driven by aneuploidies and gene function losses that emerged independently in multiple domesticated lineages during the specie’s recent evolutionary history. We found domestication to be the most dramatic event in budding yeast evolution, raising questions on how much domestication has distorted our understanding of this key model species.