PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Jingchuan Luo
AU  - Guillaume Mercy
AU  - Luis A. Vale-Silva
AU  - Xiaoji Sun
AU  - Neta Agmon
AU  - Weimin Zhang
AU  - Kun Yang
AU  - Giovanni Stracquadanio
AU  - Agnès Thierry
AU  - Ju Young Ahn
AU  - Greg Adoff
AU  - Andrew D’Avino
AU  - Henri Berger
AU  - Yi Chen
AU  - Michael Chickering
AU  - Oren Fishman
AU  - Rebeca Vergara Greeno
AU  - Sangmin Kim
AU  - Sunghan Kim
AU  - Hong Seo Lim
AU  - Jay Im
AU  - Lauren Meyer
AU  - Allison Moyer
AU  - Surekha Mullangi
AU  - Natalie A. Murphy
AU  - Peter Natov
AU  - Maisa Nimer
AU  - Arthur Radley
AU  - Arushi Tripathy
AU  - Tony Wang
AU  - Nick Wilkerson
AU  - Tony Zheng
AU  - Vivian Zhou
AU  - David B. Kaback
AU  - Joel S. Bader
AU  - Leslie A. Mitchell
AU  - Julien Mozziconacci
AU  - Andreas Hochwagen
AU  - Romain Koszul
AU  - Jef D. Boeke
TI  - Synthetic chromosome fusion: effects on genome structure and function
AID  - 10.1101/381137
DP  - 2018 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 381137
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/08/01/381137.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/08/01/381137.full
AB  - As part of the Synthetic Yeast 2.0 (Sc2.0) project, we designed and synthesized synthetic chromosome I. The total length of synI is ~21.4% shorter than wild-type chromosome I, the smallest chromosome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. SynI was designed for attachment to another synthetic chromosome due to concerns of potential instability and karyotype imbalance. We used a variation of a previously developed, robust CRISPR-Cas9 method to fuse chromosome I to other chromosome arms of varying length: chrIXR (84 kb), chrIIIR (202 kb) and chrIVR (1 Mb). All fusion chromosome strains grew like wild-type so we decided to attach synI to synIII. Through the investigation of three-dimensional structures of fusion chromosome strains, unexpected loops and twisted structures were formed in chrIII-I and chrIX-III-I fusion chromosomes, which depend on silencing protein Sir3. These results suggest a previously unappreciated 3D interaction between HMR and the adjacent telomere. We used these fusion chromosomes to show that axial element Red1 binding in meiosis is not strictly chromosome size dependent even though Red1 binding is enriched on the three smallest chromosomes in wild-type yeast, and we discovered an unexpected role for centromeres in Red1 binding patterns.