RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 EFFECTS OF BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS, KIDNEY DISEASE AND MEDICATION ON ANAEMIA STATUS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.03.21.001172
DO 10.1101/2020.03.21.001172
A1 Malala Mulavu
A1 Mildred Zulu
A1 Musalula Sinkala
A1 Sody Munsaka
A1 Pauline Okuku
A1 Panji Nkhoma
YR 2020
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/03/23/2020.03.21.001172.abstract
AB Introduction Lifestyle-related diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus, have emerged as a significant public health problem due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. In 2018, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was estimated to be 500 million cases worldwide and was comparable between high- and low-income countries. Diabetes leads to multiple complications, including end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease, infection, and death. Anaemia in diabetic individuals has a severe adverse effect on the quality of life and is associated with disease progression. A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 101 participants. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and kidney disease and their interplay with medication and/or blood glucose levels in T2D patients.Results seventy one percent of participants were females. Majority of patients 62% were on Insulin, 30% on metformin, 7% on a combination of metformin and glimepiride and 1% on glimepiride. Ninety-five (94%) of the participants were HIV negative. The prevalence of anaemia among the participants was 23% out of which 56% had moderate anaemia, and 44% had mild anaemia. Twenty-one per cent (21%) of the participants had high creatinine levels signifying impaired kidney function or kidney disease. Anaemia was significantly associated with kidney function, fasting blood glucose and use of metformin; p = 0.042 beta = 2.5, p = 0.025 beta = 2.7 and p = 0.040 beta = −2.5 respectively.Conclusion The study found the prevalence of anaemia of 23% which was of moderate public health concern. Also, the prevalence of kidney disease was high in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It also found that kidney disease and high blood glucose levels increase the chances of developing anaemia. However, we found that metformin had a protective role against the development of anaemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients.